Functional Thin Films and Nanostructures for Sensors Synthesis, Phys
Thin films and nanostructures can play multiple roles in a sensor including structural support, reliability enhancement, filtering and transduction. These micro and nano structured materials are discussed here in the context of transduction and how they c
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Integrated Analytical Systems Series Editor: Dr. Radislav A. Potyrailo GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/7427
Anis Zribi
•
Jeffrey Fortin
Editors
Functional Thin Films and Nanostructures for Sensors Synthesis, Physics, and Applications
Editors Anis Zribi United Technologies Corporation Fire and Security Kidde Detection Technology Research Development and Engineering Colorado Springs, CO USA
Jeffrey Fortin GE Global Research Center Micro and Nano Structures Technologies Niskayuna, NY USA
ISBN: 978-0-387-36229-8 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-68609-7 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-68609-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008944096 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com
To our families and parents. Olena, Nadia Michelle, Abi, Libby
Foreword
In recent years, there has been a convergence of fundamental materials science and materials processing methods. This convergence, although highly interdisciplinary in nature, has been brought about by technologies such as bandgap engineering and related techniques that have led to application-specific devices such as lab-on-achip and system-on-a-chip. The demand for reduced device size, device portability, and low power dissipation coupled with high speed of operation continues to dictate terms and conditions for the evolution of nanotechnology. The present trend in approaches to systems manufacturing continues to focus on integration of multifunctionalities on the same chip. These functionalities include, for example, onboard laser sources, sensors, and amplifiers. Both the military and civilian markets continue to drive the research and development component. In recent years, the emergency preparedness guidance systems have added excitement and curiosity to this expanding industry. The outgrowth of technologies of interest for emergency preparedness includes the development of terahertz sources and detectors and systems for detection of explosives and concealed weapons, among others. Sensors made from bulk materials have been around for a long time. Enormous advances in the processing technologies of thin films have led to the ability to manufacture application-specific functional thin films. These include transparent electrodes and antireflection
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