Fuzzy Web Knowledge Aggregation, Representation, and Reasoning for Online Privacy and Reputation Management
A social Semantic Web empowers its users to have access to collective Web knowledge in a simple manner, and for that reason, controlling online privacy and reputation becomes increasingly important, and must be taken seriously. This chapter presents Fuzzy
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Fuzzy Web Knowledge Aggregation, Representation, and Reasoning for Online Privacy and Reputation Management Edy Portmann and Witold Pedrycz
Abstract A social Semantic Web empowers its users to have access to collective Web knowledge in a simple manner, and for that reason, controlling online privacy and reputation becomes increasingly important, and must be taken seriously. This chapter presents Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) as a vehicle for Web knowledge aggregation, representation, and reasoning. With this in mind, a conceptual framework for Web knowledge aggregation, representation, and reasoning is introduced along with a use case, in which the importance of investigative searching for online privacy and reputation is highlighted. Thereby it is demonstrated how a user can establish a positive online presence
1 Introduction As nowadays more and more humans are social media literate, we bear down on an interconnected information space. However, there are limits to social applications such as blogging, social networks and wikis, concerning information integration, dissemination, reuse, portability, searchability, automation and more challenging tasks like querying. This is where semantic applications come into play, in which knowledge is expressed in a computer-understandable language. With the intention to enable computers to grasp meaning as humans do, the Semantic Web includes layers built on the current Web, which describes concepts and relationships, following E. Portmann (B) Department of EECS, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA e-mail: [email protected] W. Pedrycz Department of ECE, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada W. Pedrycz Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland e-mail: [email protected] E. I. Papageorgiou (ed.), Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Applied Sciences and Engineering, Intelligent Systems Reference Library 54, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-39739-4_5, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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logical rules [1]. The vision is to provide humans automated assistance in everyday tasks, for example through incorporating respective Semantic Web technologies into social applications. From the point of logic, however, it is known that no system could ever be both consistent and complete and that no sufficiently rich interpreted language can fully represent its own semantics [2, 3]. To make the matter worse, there even exists a class of NP-complete problems that basically cannot be solved efficiently by current computers [4]. In contrast, human beings seem to thrive on this; they live and make decisions without knowing all the facts. What is striking is that all these human activities, to a great extend, entail imprecision, uncertainty, and partial truth. Characterized by Web users needs to have the power to define themselves online (and in life), and by the fact that evermore uncontrolled information is available, in a forthcoming social Semantic Web, a user should be endorsed to manage his online privacy and reputation. To
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