Ganoderma spore powder contains little triterpenoids
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Chinese Medicine Open Access
RESEARCH
Ganoderma spore powder contains little triterpenoids Mei‑Ting Liu†, Ling‑Xiao Chen†, Jing Zhao* and Shao‑Ping Li*
Abstract Background: Ganoderma spore is a minuscule germ cell ejected from Ganoderma gills during its growth maturity period, it has been considered with high exploitable potential in health-care products manufacture. Methods: After testing sporoderm-broken rate, the triterpenoids in 12 batches of broken and unbroken Ganoderma spore powder (GSP) samples were compared with Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body (GL) by high performance thinlayer chromatography (HPTLC) and further verified by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF–MS); meanwhile, the dissolution of triterpenoids after bionic extraction was also investigated by HPTLC. Results: The sporoderm-broken rate of all the broken GSP samples was over 85%. The relative peak area of triterpe‑ noids in GSP samples were lower than 50% of that in fruiting body, and the dissolution of triterpenoids in artificial gastrointestinal fluid was lower than in methanol. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that there were little triterpenoids in GSP. Triterpenoids in GSP also seldom be dissolved in artificial gastrointestinal fluid. Keywords: Ganoderma spore powder, Triterpenoids, Bionic extraction, Artificial gastroenteric fluid, HPTLC, LC–QTOF– MS Background Ganoderma, well-known as “Lingzhi” in China, is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines. Nowadays, only Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense are officially recorded as “Lingzhi” in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Ganoderma has abundant with active components, such as polysaccharides [1], triterpenoids [2], sterols [3], fatty acids [4] and protein [5]. Among them, triterpenoids are the main active ingredients in Ganoderma and one of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia markers, which have anti-viral, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities [6, 7].
*Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Mei-Ting Liu and Ling-Xiao Chen have contributed equally to this work State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
Ganoderma spore is a minuscule germ cell ejected from Ganoderma gills during its growth maturity period. There is a long history behind the spore known as the essence of Ganoderma, which reserves all the genetic effective ingredients and has lots of pharmacological activities too, such as immunomodulatory effects [8, 9]. However, spore has two very hard chitin spore walls which make the internal activity components difficult to be absorbed and digested in human gastrointestinal tract. In order to improve the utilization of Ganoderma spore powder (GSP), it is essential to break spore walls. Several wall-breaking methods are developed continually, such as ultrasonication with low temperature [10], supercritical carbon dioxide breaking [11] and high-speed centrifugal shearing pulverizer [12]. After bre
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