Gas phase reaction combined light-regulated electrochemical sensing technique for improved response selectivity and sens
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Gas phase reaction combined light-regulated electrochemical sensing technique for improved response selectivity and sensitivity to hydrocarbons Junkan Yu 1 & Shengwei Deng 2 & Han Jin 3 & Minxuan Huang 4,5,6 & Shaopeng Wang 4,5,6 & Xiaowei Zhang 1 Received: 9 July 2020 / Revised: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based potentiometric gas sensor has been widely utilized for detecting non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) that derived from exhaust gases. Nevertheless, poor selectivity and sensitivity still remained a challenging issue. Herein, we reported an efficient strategy to sense NMHCs (e.g., C3H6) at high temperature through the gas phase reaction combined light-regulated sensing technique. When the YSZ-based sensor that was attached with ZnO sensing electrode and Mn-based reference electrode was operated without illumination, significant mutual interference that derived from CO was witnessed for sensing C3H6. On the contrary, enhanced sensitivity and selectivity are observed by simply illuminating the sensor. The low detection limit of the sensor to C3H6 extends to 0.768 ppm with the response/recovery rate of 27 s/30 s. These pilot results clearly indicate the validity of employing gas phase reaction combined light-regulated sensing technique in tailoring the response selectivity and sensitivity for future exhaust gas sensing. Keywords Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) . Light-regulated electrochemical reaction . Carbon monoxide (CO) . Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) . Gas phase reaction
Introduction Nowadays, stringent emission regulations are for nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) which are frequently found in exhaust gases, since they are able to react with nitrous oxides in the presence of sunlight leading to the generation of photochemical smog [1, 2]. According to the recently announced China VI vehicle emission standards, total emission amount of NMHCs must be strictly controlled within the value of 68 mg/km for new vehicles. Consequently, high-
performance and reliable gas sensors that are capable of in situ monitoring the level of NMHCs directly emitted from vehicle engine are strongly required [3, 4]. Among those reported vehicle NMHC sensors, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)based sensors are mainly focused, owing to their reliable performance in harsh conditions (e.g., high temperature and high humidity) [5–7]. However, it should be noted that for part of YSZ-based NMHC sensors, poor selectivity and inadequate detection limit significantly restrain their application in the real environment [8–11].
Junkan Yu, Shengwei Deng and Han Jin contributed equally to this work. * Han Jin [email protected]
2
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Republic of China
* Shaopeng Wang [email protected]
3
Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
* Xiaowei Zhang zhangxiaowei@n
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