Gas-sculpted g-C 3 N 4 for efficient photocatalytic reduction of U(VI)
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Gas‑sculpted g‑C3N4 for efficient photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) Ziqiang Li1,2 · Zongbo Xie1 · Bo Wang1,3 · Junyuan Gong1,2 · Jinming Xue1 · Zhanggao Le1 Received: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 11 October 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Photocatalytic reduction of soluble U(VI) into insoluble U(IV) with g-C3N4 is considered to be an effective strategy to remove uranium from waste water. However, the traditional g-C3N4 suffers from the defects of low specific surface area and serious recombination rate of photo-induced electrons and holes. In this work, a sample strategy of synthesize porous g-C3N4 was obtained by sculpturing with HCl which was derived from NH4Cl. Furthermore, with the method of gas-sculpturing exhibit higher photocatalytic performance, which is 4.8 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4. The method of gas-sculpturing suggests a new and promising candidate for constructing effective photocatalysts. Keywords Graphitic carbon nitride · Gas sculpture · Photocatalytic · Uranium · Reduction
Introduction Under the dual pressure of increasing energy demand and sustainable development requirements, nuclear energy has emerged as a clean energy. Uranium is of great vital as a raw material of nuclear power [1]. However, with the rapid development of nuclear power plants, more and more attention has been paid to the disposal radioactive wastes, especially the radioactive soluble U(VI), which exists in wastewater [2]. The ingestion of uranium by human beings would Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07458-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zongbo Xie [email protected] * Bo Wang [email protected] * Zhanggao Le [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China
3
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, People’s Republic of China
cause serious health problems, such as severe liver damage, kidney damage, and even death due to its extremely chemical and radioactive toxicity [3]. Therefore, several techniques have been proposed and developed for dislodging uranium from the wastewater [4], including solvent extraction, ionexchange and adsorption [5]. Interestingly, reduction of soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) [6] has been proposed as an effective [7] and eco-friendly way to elimination radioactive pollution from wastewater [8]. And the technology of photocatalytic reduction is considered to be the most valuable method for the removal of soluble uranium(VI). In the past decade, graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4), as metal-free semiconductors [9], were widely known as the remarkable optoel
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