Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes A Comprehensive Guide

This text provides a state-of-the art review of the gastrointestinal complications of diabetes, their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation and management. Divided into six sections, the volume shows how diabetes affects the enti

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Marko Duvnjak · Lea Smirčić-Duvnjak Editors

Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes A Comprehensive Guide

CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY

Series Editor George Y. Wu Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, Connecticut, USA

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7672

Marko Duvnjak  •  Lea Smirčić-Duvnjak Editors

Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes A Comprehensive Guide

Editors Marko Duvnjak Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center University of Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb Croatia

Lea Smirčić-Duvnjak Merkur University Hospital University of Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb Croatia

ISSN 2197-7399     ISSN 2197-7704 (electronic) Clinical Gastroenterology ISBN 978-3-319-75855-8    ISBN 978-3-319-75856-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75856-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018943844 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Humana Press imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To Lucija and Marta, who have brought joy to our life.

Preface

The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Chronic diabetic complications represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality, accounting for the majority of the social and economic burden. While the importance of both micro- and macrovascular complications is widely recognized, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has not been traditionally associated with diabetic complications. However, the fact that as many as 75% of diabetic patients report GI symptoms calls for attention. Diabetes may affect the entire GI tract from the oral cavi