Gene expression of adipokines and adipokine receptors in the tumor microenvironment: associations of lower expression wi
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EPIDEMIOLOGY
Gene expression of adipokines and adipokine receptors in the tumor microenvironment: associations of lower expression with more aggressive breast tumor features Adana A. M. Llanos1,2 · Song Yao3 · Amartya Singh2,4 · John B. Aremu1 · Hossein Khiabanian2,5 · Yong Lin1,2 · Coral Omene2,6 · Angela R. Omilian3 · Thaer Khoury7 · Chi‑Chen Hong3 · Shridar Ganesan2,6,8 · David J. Foran2,5 · Michael J. Higgins9 · Christine B. Ambrosone3 · Elisa V. Bandera1,2 · Kitaw Demissie10 Received: 12 June 2020 / Accepted: 8 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Limited epidemiologic data are available on the expression of adipokines leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and adipokine receptors (LEPR, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2) in the breast tumor microenvironment (TME). The associations of gene expression of these biomarkers with tumor clinicopathology are not well understood. Methods NanoString multiplexed assays were used to assess the gene expression levels of LEP, LEPR, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 within tumor tissues among 162 Black and 55 White women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Multivariate mixed effects models were used to estimate associations of gene expression with breast tumor clinicopathology (overall and separately among Blacks). Results Black race was associated with lower gene expression of LEPR (P = 0.002) and ADIPOR1 (P = 0.01). Lower LEP, LEPR, and ADIPOQ gene expression were associated with higher tumor grade (P = 0.0007, P
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