Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags fromthe salt-tolerant eelgrass species, Zostera marina
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Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags from the salt-tolerant eelgrass species, Zostera marina KONG Fanna1,2∗ , ZHOU Yang1,2 , SUN Peipei1,2 , LIU Limin1,2 , MAO Yunxiang1,2 1 2
College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China Key Laboratory of Marine Biology Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Received 22 March 2012; accepted 28 February 2013 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Zostera marina, a monocotyledonous angiosperm, is one of the most important seagrass species. To investigate the salt-tolerance mechanism and discover salt-tolerant genes in Z. marina, a cDNA library was constructed. Single-pass sequencing of the 5 ends of 4 081 clones yielded 4 002 high quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs), which were assembled into 241 contigs and 1 673 singletons, representing 1 914 unigenes. The average length of the ESTs was 582 bp, with sizes ranging from 100–1 500 bp. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLASTX) analysis revealed that 1 664 unigenes had significant homology to known genes in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant (nr) database (E-value5–10). Among them, the two most abundant genes encoded metallothionein (157 ESTs) and chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (38 ESTs), accounting for 7.1% and 1.7% of the total ESTs, respectively. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), 1 462 unigenes were assigned to 1 161 pathways (E-value5–10). A total of 938 unigenes were assigned Gene Ontology (GO) terms based on the GO hierarchy analysis, and InterProScan searches recognized 1 003 InterPro families. Three genes for metallothionein in Z. marina that belonged to Class II was identified. Results of this study will improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms of saline tolerance in Z. marina. Key words: expressed sequence tags (ESTs), gene function, metallothionein, salt-tolerant genes, Zostera marina Citation: Kong Fanna, Zhou Yang, Sun Peipei, Liu Limin, Mao Yunxiang. 2013. Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags from the salt-tolerant eelgrass species, Zostera marina. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 32(8): 68–78, doi: 10.1007/s13131-013-0343-z
1 Introduction Saline-alkaline soil is an important abiotic stress in agricultural production because of its effects in limiting crop productivity or destroying biomass. About 5% of cultivated land is affected by saline-alkaline conditions (Flowers et al., 1997), with about 70% of the earth covered by seawater. With the continuous increase in human population and expansion of industrial lands, food safety has been the focus of agriculturalists and sociologists and there is an urgent need to safeguard crops cultivated in the limited agricultural landscape. Most cultivated crops cannot endure high salt stress and therefore cannot grow in tidal marshes (Zhang et al., 2006). However, modern biological techniques are now available to improve agricultural crops with sal
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