Genetic variability of cassava progenies developed through introgression of cassava mosaic disease resistance into Ghana
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2013 (March) 16 (1) : 23~28 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-012-0053-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Genetic Variability of Cassava Progenies Developed through Introgression of Cassava Mosaic Disease Resistance into Ghanaian Landraces Joseph Akwasi Manu-Aduening*, Bright Boakye Peprah, Adelaide Agyeman Crops Research Institute, P. O. Box 3785, Kumasi, Ghana Received: May 28, 2012 / Revised: September 05, 2012 / Accepted: January 12, 2013 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2013
Abstract Availability of genetic diversity is important in selecting suitable cultivars for crop improvement. Progenies of crosses between 19 farmer-preferred cassava landraces and Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD)-resistant cultivar TME 11 were evaluated and compared with their maternal parents to assess their genetic variability and genetic gains based on CMD tolerance, some growth variables and root yield. The combined analysis of variance for the traits showed significant genotypic differences amongst the progenies and the parents. Apart from a few instances, the differences in replications and years were also significant. Genetic variability components showed high heritability ranging from 92.3 to 99.6% and moderately high genetic gains of 54.1 to 99.6% for the parental cultivars. Apart from canopy spread and plant height, heritability and genetic gains of the progenies were slightly lower than the parents indicating high variability within families of the progenies. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was slightly greater than genotypic coefficient of variation indicating minimal influence of environment on the genotypes. For most of the characters evaluated, the mean performance of the progenies was higher than their corresponding parental lines. Although the genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.001) for all traits evaluated, cultivars such as Afebankye, Bosome nsia, Cedi bankye, 262 Debor, Kwadaso 25, Nkaakom 57 and Sisipe were found to constitute a pool of germplasm with adequate variability. The negative correlation between CMD incidence and other traits evaluated showed significant progress made in the breeding program. Key words: cassava, F1 progeny, genetic variability, heritability, landraces
Introduction Cassava production in Africa increased from 70.2 million ton in 1990 to 96.8 million ton in 2010 (FAOSTAT 2011). This increase was achieved partly by rapid increase in production following the release of improved varieties in most African countries (Nweke et al. 1999). In spite of the introduction of these improved varieties, most farmers have limited access to them (Hillocks 2002; Manu-Aduening 2005; Nweke et al. 1994). In most places, farmers prefer their own landraces which may be better suited to the local conditions, requirements and taste. The expansion of utilization of cassaJoseph Akwasi Manu-Aduening ( ) E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 233 243669088 / Fax: 233 0322 60396
The Korean Society of Crop Science
va for new industrial uses may require germplasm with high yields as well as qualities suited
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