Genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in chicken bursae of Fabricius during infe
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in chicken bursae of Fabricius during infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus Xuewei Huang1, Junyan Zhang1, Zengsu Liu1, Meng Wang1, Xiaolong Fan1, Li Wang1,2, Han Zhou1,2, Yanping Jiang1,2, Wen Cui1,2, Xinyuan Qiao1,2, Yigang Xu1,2, Yijing Li1,2 and Lijie Tang1,2*
Abstract Background: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes acute, highly contagious, immunosuppressive, and lethal infectious disease in young chickens and mainly infects the bursa of Fabricius (BF). To investigate interactions between IBDV and its host, RNA sequencing was applied to analyze the responses of the differentially expressed transcriptional profiles of BF infected by very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV). Results: In total, 317 upregulated and 94 downregulated mRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed in infected chickens, compared to controls. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) alterations were identified in IBDV-infected chickens, and significantly different expression was observed in 272 lncRNAs and 143 circRNAs. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed to assess the functions of significantly dysregulated genes, which showed that the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and apoptosis may be activated by IBDV infection. We predicted interactions between differentially expressed genes and produced lncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulator network. Conclusions: The present study identified the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs during vvIBDV infection and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of IBDV and antiviral immunity of the host. Keywords: Infectious bursal disease virus, Bursa of Fabricius, mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs
Background Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus, is a member of the family Birnaviridae; it can cause acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive disease in chickens aged 3–6 weeks, * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, People’s Republic of China 2 Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
leading to high mortality and considerable economic losses [1, 2]. Serotype-I and -II strains of IBDV are recognized, and serotype I, which includes attenuated, classically virulent, and very virulent (vv) variants, can cause different degrees of pathogenicity and mortality in chickens [3]. IBDV predominantly targets the precursors of B lymphocytes, particularly those in the bursa of Fabricius (BF), an important immune organ, the infection of which may lead to B lymphocyte depletion and BF deterioration [4, 5]. The severe immunosuppression caused by
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