Germination response of three Setaria species ( S. viridis , S. verticillata , and S. glauca ) to water potential and te
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Germination response of three Setaria species (S. viridis, S. verticillata, and S. glauca) to water potential and temperature using non‑linear regression and hydrothermal time models Mahboobeh Mollaee1 · Ebrahim Izadi Darbandi1 · Mohammad Bannayan Aval1 · Bhagirath Sing Chauhan2 Received: 15 March 2020 / Revised: 3 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 2020
Abstract Understanding factors influencing the time of weed seedling establishment can contribute to developing predictive models for control measures at early growth stages. Non-linear regression models (Dent-like and Quadratic polynomial) and hydrothermal time models were considered for estimating cardinal temperature and predicting the emergence time of the Setaria species (S. viridis, S. verticillata, and S. glauca) at different constant temperatures and water potentials. Field experiments were also conducted, in which seeds of the species were sown and seedling emergence was recorded daily. The optimum temperature for germination was 27.7, 30.2, and 30.5 °C as estimated by a Dent-like model at 0 MPa water potential for S. glauca, S. viridis and S. verticillata, respectively. According to the hydrotime model, the minimum amount of base water potential (Ψb) was observed at the optimum temperatures, while it reached its highest value at temperatures exceeding the optimum. Overall, at sub-optimal temperatures, with the decrease in water potential, the thermal time (TT) constant increased linearly until − 0.6 MPa, but this trend was downward at supra-optimal temperatures. The hydrothermal time constant (θHT) was 213.5, 228.8, and 318.8 MPa °C h for S. viridis, S. verticillata, and S. glauca, respectively. Non-linear regression and hydrothermal models showed that S. glauca can emerge earlier than other species because of lower base temperature and a higher hydrothermal time constant. Setaria species did not show a significant difference in their tolerance to water stress by similar base water potential (Ψb(50) ~ − 0.5). Keywords Base temperature · Base water potential · Dent-like model · Hydrothermal time constant · Quadratic polynomial model
Introduction Foxtail species (Setaria spp.), belonging to the Poaceae family, are among the most problematic summer annual weeds in global agricultural lands and disturbed areas (Holm et al. 1991, 1997). Setaria species cause numerous problems to many crops such as maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum Communicated by F. Araniti. * Ebrahim Izadi Darbandi e‑[email protected] 1
Department of Agrotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
The Center for Crop Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
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aestivum L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (Amini et al. 2015; Blackshaw et al. 1981a). Genetic and ph
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