Global Jihad in Muslim and non-Muslim Contexts
This book examines ten reasons for global jihad today. Specifically, the reasons are (1) radicalization, (2) group dynamics and socialization, (3) social alienation, (4) religious motivations, (5) legal motivations, (6) political motivations, (7) a Clash
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Global Jihad in Muslim and non-Muslim Contexts
Jonathan Matusitz
Global Jihad in Muslim and non-Muslim Contexts
Jonathan Matusitz University of Central Florida Orlando, FL, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-47043-2 ISBN 978-3-030-47044-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47044-9 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Contents
1
Introduction Global Appeal to Jihad Quest for the Caliphate Objectives of This Book Importance of Understanding Global Jihad Quick Facts on Jihad in Europe Today Why Focusing on Ten Reasons for Global Jihad? No Single Explanation for Jihad Scholarship Sometimes Too Narrow Case Study: 2019 Sri Lanka Easter Bombings Reason 1: Political Motivations Reason 2: Religious Motivations Reason 3: Economic Conditions? Comparison with Other Books Summary of All Chapters References
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 13 13 14 15 16 17 24
2
Jihad: A Description Interpretation Within the Scope of This Book The Ummah Jihad for the Ummah Jihad in History Reasons for Early Jihad
29 30 30 31 32 33 v
vi
3
4
CONTENTS
Crusades and European Colonies Greater vs. Lesser Jihad Spiritual and Political Interpretation Further Contradictions Defensive vs. Offensive Jihad Defensive Jihad Offensive Jihad Who Are the Jihadists Today? The Increase in the Number of Jihadist Groups Jihadist Ideologues and Leaders Thoughts on Global Jihad Today Landscapes of Jihad Indirect Jihadist Players Inside Western Lands References
34 35 36 36 37 37 38 39 40 42 44 44 45 46 53
Radicalization The “Slippery Slope” Radical Milieu Radical Ideologies Islamic Radicalizatio
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