Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and ev
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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and evaluation of methodological approaches S. Fazeli Farsani & M. P. van der Aa & M. M. J. van der Vorst & C. A. J. Knibbe & A. de Boer
Received: 16 January 2013 / Accepted: 4 April 2013 / Published online: 16 May 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Aims/hypothesis This study aimed to systematically review what has been reported on the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, to scrutinise the methodological issues observed in the included studies and to prepare recommendations for future research and surveillances. Methods PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from inception to February 2013. Population-based studies on incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were summarised and methodologically evaluated. Owing to substantial methodological heterogeneity and considerable differences in study populations a quantitative meta-analysis was not performed. Results Among 145 potentially relevant studies, 37 population-based studies met the inclusion criteria. Variations Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2915-z) contains peer-reviewed but unedited supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. S. Fazeli Farsani : A. de Boer (*) Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, the Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] M. P. van der Aa : M. M. J. van der Vorst Department of Paediatrics, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands C. A. J. Knibbe Department of Clinical Pharmacy, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands C. A. J. Knibbe Division of Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
in the incidence and prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were mainly related to age of the study population, calendar time, geographical regions and ethnicity, resulting in a range of 0–330 per 100,000 personyears for incidence rates, and 0–5,300 per 100,000 population for prevalence rates. Furthermore, a substantial variation in the methodological characteristics was observed for response rates (60–96%), ascertainment rates (53–99%), diagnostic tests and criteria used to diagnose type 2 diabetes. Conclusions/interpretation Worldwide incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents vary substantially among countries, age categories and ethnic groups and this can be explained by variations in population characteristics and methodological dissimilarities between studies. Keywords Adolescents . Children . Global trends . Incidence . Methodology . Prevalence . Systematic review . Type 2 diabetes Abbreviations AIHW BPSU CCDR CFPC-NaReS CPSP DIARY FPG IHS NIH N
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