Gray matter volume alterations associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders
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PRIMARY RESEARCH
Annals of General Psychiatry Open Access
Gray matter volume alterations associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders Pengshuo Wang1,2, Ran Zhang1,2, Xiaowei Jiang2,4, Shengnan Wei2,4, Fei Wang1,2,4* and Yanqing Tang1,2,3*
Abstract Background: Mood disorders are severe mental disorders related to increased suicidal behavior. Finding neural features for suicidal behavior, including suicide attempts (SAs) and suicidal ideation (SI), in mood disorders may be helpful in preventing suicidal behavior. Methods: Subjects consisted of 70 patients with mood disorders and suicidal behavior, 128 patients with mood disorders without suicidal behavior (mood disorders control, MC), and 145 health control (HC) individuals. All participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) techniques to examine gray matter volumes (GMVs). Results: Significant differences were found in GMVs of the left and right middle frontal gyrus among the patients with mood disorders and suicidal behavior, MC, and HC. Post hoc comparisons showed significant differences in the GMVs of the above regions across all three groups (P MC > mood disorders with suicidal behavior. However, there were no significant differences in the GMVs of the left and right middle frontal gyrus between the mood disorders with SI and mood disorders with SAs groups. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that abnormal regional GMV in the middle frontal gyrus is associated with suicidal behavior in mood disorders. Further investigation is warranted to determine whether the GMV alterations in mood disorders with SI are different from these in mood disorders with SAs. Keywords: Mood disorders, Gray matter volume, Suicidal behavior, Suicide attempted, Suicidal ideation Introduction Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon and a serious social health problem. According to the World Health Organization, about 800,000 people die by suicide each year [1]. Suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs) are strongly predictive of suicide death [2]. All over the world, lifetime prevalence rates are approximately 9.2% for SI and 2.7% for SA [3]. As typical mood disorders, *Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
previous studies have supported that major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) have been widely reported to be associated with suicidal behavior [4–6]. For example, MDD is frequently associated with SAs and a large proportion of depressed individuals show SI [7]. In addition, 14–59% of patients with BD have SI and 25–56% present with at least one SA during their lifetime [8]. One study found that in mood disorders alexithymia may be considered risk factors for suicide [9]. Theref
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