Group B Coxsackieviruses
This monograph reviews information published since 1997 on the group B coxsackieviruses (CVB), a large and important group of human enteroviruses. The CVB were discovered in the mid-20th century, during the search for other poliovirus types, and within a
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Steven Tracy M. Steven Oberste Kristen M. Drescher Editors
Group B Coxsackieviruses
Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology Volume 323
Series Editors Richard W. Compans Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 3001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA Max D. Cooper Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 378 Wallace Tumor Institute, 1824 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-3300, USA Tasuku Honjo Department of Medical Chemistry, Kyoto University, Faculty of Medicine, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan Hilary Koprowski Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories, 1020 Locust Street, Suite M85 JAH, Philadelphia, PA 19107-6799, USA Fritz Melchers Biozentrum, Department of Cell Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 50–70, 4056 Basel Switzerland Michael B.A. Oldstone Department of Neuropharmacology, Division of Virology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA Sjur Olsnes Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello 0310 Oslo, Norway Peter K. Vogt The Scripps Research Institute, Dept. of Molecular & Exp. Medicine, Division of Oncovirology, 10550 N. Torrey Pines. BCC-239, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Steven Tracy • M. Steven Oberste Kristen M. Drescher Editors
Group B Coxsackieviruses
Dr. Steven Tracy University of Nebraska Medical Center Department of Pathology & Microbiology Omaha, NE USA e-mail: [email protected]
Dr. M. Steven Oberste Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Immunization & Respiratory Diseases Division of Viral Diseases Atlanta, GA, USA e-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Kristen M. Drescher Creighton University School of Medicine Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology 2500 California Plaza Omaha, NE USA email: [email protected] Cover Illustration: (clockwise from top right): 1) The image of the coxsackievirus B3 (CVB) capsid is color-coded to reflect distinct structural proteins (VP1, blue; VP2, green; VP3, red). The five, three and two-fold axes of symmetry are clearly visible. The canyons where the CVB receptor, CAR, binds upon infection are also evident. 2) The sequence shows the 5′ cloverleaf secondary structure observed in CVB and other human enteroviruses. The colored letters indicate various deletions that can naturally occur during CVB replication in human or mouse heart tissue or in primary cell cultures. These mutations severely attenuate viral replication, permitting long-term persistence in the immunocompetent host. 3) A one weekold infant with hepatic and cardiac failure due to perinatally-acquired coxsaxckievirus B4 infection experienced a complicated clinical course because of severe hepatitis with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (hemorrhage-hepatitis syndrome), myocarditis and seizures (encephalomyocarditis syndrome). The infant survived after prolonged neonatal intensive care. 4) Dual-immunofluorescent staining of a pancreatic
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