Handbook of Wind Power Systems

Wind power is currently considered as the fastest growing energy resource in the world. Technological advances and government subsidies have contributed in the rapid rise of Wind power systems. The Handbook on Wind Power Systems provides an overview on se

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Panos M. Pardalos Steffen Rebennack Mario V. F. Pereira Niko A. Iliadis Vijay Pappu Editors

Handbook of Wind Power Systems

Energy Systems

Series editor Panos M. Pardalos, Gainesville, USA

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8368

Panos M. Pardalos Steffen Rebennack Mario V. F. Pereira Niko A. Iliadis Vijay Pappu •



Editors

Handbook of Wind Power Systems

123

Editors Panos M. Pardalos Vijay Pappu Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida Gainesville USA Steffen Rebennack Division of Economics and Business Engineering Hall Colorado School of Mines Golden USA

Mario V. F. Pereira Centro Empresarial Rio Praia de Botafogo Rio de Janeiro Brazil Niko A. Iliadis EnerCoRD—Energy Consulting, Research and Development Athens Greece

ISSN 1867-8998 ISSN 1867-9005 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-642-41079-6 ISBN 978-3-642-41080-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-41080-2 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013957555  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

World wind generation capacity has more than quadrupled between 2000 and 2006, doubling every 3 years. At the end of 2012, worldwide wind capacity was 282 GW, growing by 44 GW over the precedi