Hardware implementation of adaptive feedback based reversible image watermarking for image processing application
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TECHNICAL PAPER
Hardware implementation of adaptive feedback based reversible image watermarking for image processing application Subhajit Das1 • Pragati Singh1 • Chaitali Koley1 Received: 5 August 2017 / Accepted: 15 June 2018 Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract This paper presents a reversible image watermarking (RIW) method including an adaptive feedback part based on difference expansion (DE). With respect to some parameters of the image, peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), the highest payload capacity and the corresponding embedding threshold are spontaneously calculated by using the proposed adaptive feedback-based reversible Image watermarking (AFRIW). The payload capacity for data embedding is briefly explained. The machinery part of the adaptive feedback for controlling the payload capacity is presented. Software verification of three cover images is presented. Based on some image parameters, the comparative result between the proposed AFRIW algorithm and DE-based RIW method is presented. This paper also presents the VLSI architecture of this proposed algorithm for RIW. The proposed architecture has been implemented using VIVADO 2016.2 based on Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA and Zynq device platforms. The software implementation results clearly demonstrated that the AFRIW method provides higher PSNR than the DE-based RIW method. The hardware implementation results indicate that the proposed algorithm has low timing complexity over other existing feedback based RIW algorithms which in turn provide higher speed.
1 Introduction The definition of digital watermarking is (Tsai and Chang 2004) invisibly varying and inserting some secret data into the original medium. An unalterable dreadful condition occurs during these watermarking processes for the unique image or any type of transfer medium. The dreadful condition refers the condition when the information of original multimedia data is loss due to the encryption process and cannot get back it during the decryption process. This degradation is not acceptable for all applications, like military and medical purposes. The main components of digital watermarking are the encoder, decoder and a comparator (Mohanty 1999). The main requirement of digital watermarking during decryption process is the necessary information about the original multimedia data and the watermarked data. The problem of requiring the information of the unique medium in digital watermarking is & Chaitali Koley [email protected] 1
solved by using reversible watermarking. Usually, a reversible scheme performs some type of lossless compression operation on the host media in order to make space for hiding on the compressed data and the Message Authentication Code (MAC) such as hash, signature, or some other features derived from the media is used as the watermark. To authenticate the received media, the hidden information is extracted and the compressed data is decompressed to reveal the possible original media. MAC i
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