Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes Substitution as an Inn
Substitution of hazardous substances is a prioritised objective in chemical regulation and risk management. However, it is experienced as a tough task with often inconsistent results. Based on thirteen case studies, this book analyzes substitution as an i
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Sustainability and Innovation Published Volumes: Jens Horbach (Ed.) Indicator Systems for Sustainable Innovation 2005. ISBN 3-7908-1553-5 Bernd Wagner, Stefan Enzler (Eds.) Material Flow Management 2006. ISBN 3-7908-1591-8
Andreas Ahrens ´ Angelika Braun Arnim von Gleich ´ Kerstin Heitmann Lothar Liûner
Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes Substitution as an Innovative Process With Contributions of Andrea Effinger, Matthias Weiû, Claudia Wælk
With 21 Figures
Physica-Verlag A Springer Company
Andreas Ahrens Úkopol Nernstweg 32±34 22765 Hamburg Germany [email protected]
Kerstin Heitmann Úkopol Nernstweg 32±34 22765 Hamburg Germany [email protected]
Angelika Braun Kooperationsstelle Hamburg Besenbinderhof 60 20097 Hamburg Germany [email protected]
Lothar Liûner Kooperationsstelle Hamburg Besenbinderhof 60 20097 Hamburg Germany [email protected]
Professor Arnim von Gleich Universitåt Bremen FB 04 Produktionstechnik Postfach 330440 28334 Bremen Germany [email protected]
This project was sponsored by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research under the funding program ªFrameworks for Innovation towards Sustainability (RIW)º (project number 07RIW) ± the authors assume sole responsibility for the contents of this report.
ISSN 1860-1030 ISBN-10 3-7908-1642-6 Physica-Verlag Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-7908-1642-6 Physica-Verlag Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Physica-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Physica is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Physica-Verlag Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover-Design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg SPIN 11544319
88/3153-5 4 3 2 1 0 ± Printed on acid-free paper
Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1 Summary of most important results .............................................................. 5 1.1 Aspects of the ability to be innovative .................................................... 5 1.2 Aspects of direction of innovation........................................................... 6 1.3 Model of “innovation systems at supply chain level” ............................. 8 1.4 Current developments in chemicals r
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