Health Risk Behaviors and Self-Esteem Among College Students: Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies
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INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Health Risk Behaviors and Self-Esteem Among College Students: Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies Julie Arsandaux 1
1
1
& Ilaria Montagni & Melissa Macalli & Vincent Bouteloup
2,3
1
& Christophe Tzourio & Cédric Galéra
1,4
# International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2020
Abstract Background Due to their impact on premature mortality and long-term disabilities, a better understanding of health risk behavior (HRB) determinants among college students is crucial in order to build the most appropriate prevention tools. Although selfesteem appears to be a relevant candidate, a clear picture summarizing its multiple links with HRB is lacking to guide clinicians and researchers. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the associations between health risk behavior and self-esteem among college students. Methods This search was performed in several databases on 02/02/17. Study eligibility criteria were original articles in peerreviewed journals, in English; observational quantitative studies; among college students; and investigated the association between self-esteem and HRB. The PRISMA statements were complied with. Results One hundred fifteen articles were included: 46 on substance use, 35 on sexual behavior, 11 on nutritional habits, 27 on physical activity, and 5 on other HRB. Most studies reported an association between higher self-esteem and healthier behavior. For alcohol consumption and number of sexual partners, both negative and positive associations have been reported. Directionality was investigated in a few studies suggesting potential bidirectional effects. Conclusions This review points out the need for consensus for the definition of self-esteem and HRB. There was high heterogeneity in (1) the measurement of self-esteem either in the concept measured (global vs. domain) or in the way to implement validated tools; and (2) the definition of HRB. Self-esteem seems to be a relevant target to intervene on HRB, especially alcohol abuse and physical activity. Trial Registration Registration number: PROSPERO (ID = CRD42017056599). Keywords Self-esteem . Health risk behavior . Students . Systematic review
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-020-09857-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Julie Arsandaux [email protected] 1
Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team HEALTHY, University Bordeaux, UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
2
Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team VINTAGE, University Bordeaux, UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Centre Hospitalier Perrens, Bordeaux, France
The contribution of health risk behavior (HRB) to physical and mental health is substantiated by an extensive body of evidence [1–3]. Quantitatively, unhealthy behaviors (including smoking, alcohol, inadequate physical activity, and unhealthy nutrition habits) have be
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