Health status and associated factors of HIV-infected patients in Kunming, China
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Health status and associated factors of HIV‑infected patients in Kunming, China Jing Li1 · Chao Wu2 · Chen Suo3 · Huijun Zhou4 · Tian Lu5 · Lin Lu6 · Sawitri Assanangkornchai7 · Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong7 · Edward B. McNeil7 · Chunhong Qiao8 · Jiaping Wang9 · Pei Wang3,10 · Yan Li1 Accepted: 17 April 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Objective To assess health status of HIV-positive patients and to examine its predictors in Kunming, China. Methods HIV-positive patients were recruited from a general hospital and an infection hospital in 2015. Health status of the patients was evaluated using standardized questions on eight health domains (mobility, self-care, pain and discomfort, cognition, interpersonal activities, vision, sleep and energy, and emotional distress) of the WHO World Health Survey. A multivariate linear regression model was employed to explore the predictors of health status. Results A total of 1,363 HIV patients were recruited. The mean (SD) health status score was 73.4 (18.2), with the prevalence of reporting problems ranging from 17.6% (self-care problems) to 86.3% (vision problems). C D4 count, occupation, household income, accessibility to healthcare services, and healthcare expenditures were found to be significant predictors of health status. Conclusions Healthcare services for HIV patients may assist improvement of interpersonal activities and relieve emotional distress, and efforts are needed to continually increase accessibility to the services. Special attention should be given to those at low socioeconomic level and those suffering from low CD4 count. Keywords Health status · HIV-infected patients · Predictors · China
Introduction HIV/AIDS is a serious public health concern in China, accounting for 3% of new HIV infections globally each year. There was a 14% rise in new infections in 2018 compared to 2017, with 40,000 cases reported in the second quarter alone in China [1]. Due to the expansion of antiretroviral therapy, the survival rate and life expectancy of HIV patients have increased markedly to an extent that HIV/AIDS is now recognized as a chronic and manageable disease [2]. However, Jing Li and Chao Wu have contributed equally to the work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02510-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Pei Wang [email protected] * Yan Li [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
HIV patients still suffer from various negative health effects such as fatigue, insomnia, pain [3, 4], and severe social stigma, which can threaten their physical and mental wellbeing [2]. Thus, the health status of HIV/AIDS patients should be comprehensive, reflecting their true health and well-being, and should be measured based on multidimensional constructs such as physical and mental health, as well as social and role functioning. Barriers prevent patients from accessing health services due to
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