Heat Shock Proteins Mediate Anastasis and Plasticity of Thermotolerant Cells
We recently showed the thermotolerance of animal somatic cells to a lethal temperature and this tolerance was associated with morphological and molecular changes. Notably, heat shock proteins (Hsp) play an important role in the process of thermotolerance.
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Abstract Introduction We recently showed the thermotolerance of animal somatic cells to a lethal temperature and this tolerance was associated with morphological and molecular changes. Notably, heat shock proteins (Hsp) play an important role in the process of thermotolerance. In this chapter, we briefly highlight the essential roles of Hsp in resisting lethal temperatures and regaining the cellular vitality during the recovery from heat shock. Methods A literature-based collection of articles in the available search engines (PubMed and Google Scholar). Results We show the critical roles of Hsp in antagonizing the pathways of apoptosis and the involvement of several other proteins in the cellular resilience or anastasis. Conclusions Modulating the pathways of anastasis through Hsp would permit therapeutic targets for either promoting (such as female folliculogenesis) or hindering anastasis for tumor therapy.
I. M. Saadeldin (*) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] M. A. Hussein Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt S. Magdeldin Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, 57357 Children’s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 A. A. Asea, P. Kaur (eds.), Heat Shock Proteins, https://doi.org/10.1007/7515_2020_16
I. M. Saadeldin et al.
Keywords Anastasis · Apoptosis · HSP · Hyperthermia · Mitochondria · Plasticity
Abbreviations CAD Cyt c Hsp MOMP PS PSM TNF XIAP
caspase-activated DNase cytochrome c heat shock proteins mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization phosphatidylserine peptide spectrum match tumor necrosis factor X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis
1 Introduction Thermotolerance is a phenomenon in which cells become resistant to elevated temperatures. Thermotolerance might develop rapidly after the first heat treatment or during the thermal treatment at ~43.0 C. Studies disclosed that thermotolerance developed in tumors and normal tissues as well [11, 26] and it is well correlated with enhanced synthesis of heat shock proteins [2, 8, 11, 27]. The kinetics of thermotolerance can be affected by various factors [4, 26]. For instance, thermotolerance is found physiologically in certain species as a form of estivation [5, 21]. It might be varied among certain cells of the same species [15, 17– 19]. Cells showed variability in thermotolerance because of the way of cell culture; cells grown in 3D compared with 2D culture showed a reduced incidence of apoptosis and necrosis and a higher level of HSP70 expression in response to heat shock [20]. Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are chaperones that cause partial unfolding or protein aggregation that protect cells from the detrimental thermal and oxidative stress [9]. Hs
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