Heavy metal stress induced hyperglycemia in blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus
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Heavy metal stress induced hyperglycemia in blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus SARAVANAN R.1, SUGUMAR V.1*, BEEMA MAHIN M. I.1 1 Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, Alagappa University, Thondi Campus, Thondi 623409,
Tamilnadu, India Received 11 January 2017; accepted 1 August 2017 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract
The study was to find out the effect of cadmium and mercury on levels of hemolymph glucose, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) and hepatopancreas glycogen in the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus. The experiments were performed in both intact and eyestalk ablated crabs. Quantification of CHH was done by the indirect ELISA with the aid of primary anti-Carcinus maenas-CHH antibody. Higher glucose concentration was observed on exposure to 8×10–6 of cadmium ((825.6±5.42) μg/mL) and 6×10–6 of mercury ((90.5±6.25) μg/mL) after 48 h and 24 h respectively. Higher level of hemolymph glucose was observed in eyestalk intact crabs on exposure to cadmium and mercury than eyestalk ablated crabs. Decrease in the levels of CHH was observed in both eyestalk intact and ablated crabs on heavy metal exposure. Decline of the hepatopancreas glycogen level was also witnessed with the exposure to heavy metal, which validated its utilization in the production of glucose. Thus this study brings to light, the variations in hemolymph glucose, CHH and hepatopancreas glycogen on heavy metal stress. These carbohydrate metabolites can be used as biomarkers in assessing heavy metal contamination in water bodies. Key words: crustacean hyperglycemic hormone, cadmium, mercury, decapod crustaceans, blue swimmer crab Citation: Saravanan R., Sugumar V., Beema mahin M. I.. 2018. Heavy metal stress induced hyperglycemia in blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 37(5): 47–53, doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1211-7
1 Introduction Heavy metals from farming as well as industrial activities cause environmental pollution of the marine ecosystem and can easily enter the food chain through the process of bioaccumulation, which causes extreme health complications towards human beings. It has been well documented that crustaceans have greater sensitivity towards heavy metals (Ahsanullah et al., 1981; Migliore and De Nicola Giudici, 1990). Heavy metals have major impact on the life cycle, reproduction, moulting stages and nutrition values of the crustaceans (Vernberg et al., 1974; Madsen and Shine, 1992; McGee et al., 1998). Heavy metals are not only harmful but also have some beneficial role in crustaceans. Copper is important for the functioning of hemocyanin and zinc is important component of many enzymes (Bryan, 1984; Rainbow, 1988). Trace amounts of heavy metals are absorbed by animals and stored as metabolically active forms, and are actively involved in the essential biochemical processes. Sometimes the heavy metals are detoxified into chemically inert forms and stored permanently or temporarily. The accumulation process of heavy
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