Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Whole-Blood Samples of the Fishermen in Turkey: The Fish/Ermen Heavy Metal Study (FHM
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Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Whole-Blood Samples of the Fishermen in Turkey: The Fish/Ermen Heavy Metal Study (FHMS) Derya Çamur Ahmet Altın
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Murat Topbaş Yusuf Demirtaş
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Hüseyin İlter 3 Meriç Albay 4 Ferruh Niyazi Ayoğlu 5 Murat Can Büşra Parlak Somuncu 2 Fatih Aydın 4 Bilgehan Açıkgöz 5 ●
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Received: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Selected heavy metal-trace element (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, and V) levels were determined by the ICP-MS method in whole-blood samples of fishermen and control group who accommodate in four provinces of the Marmara Sea. Mercury (1.267 ± 1.061 µg/L to 0.796 ± 0.853 µg/L) and lead (17.8 ± 9.0 µg/L to 12.0 ± 6.83 µg/L) levels were higher in the fishermen group than that of control group (p < 0.001 for both). There was no difference between the fishermen group and the control group in terms of whole-blood levels of other elements. Total monthly fish consumption was 9340.4 gr in the fishermen group and 326.4 gr in the control group, and the difference between the groups was significant (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of having amalgam dental filling (p > 0.05). The results suggest that consuming high amounts of sea products caught from the Marmara Sea is a source for some heavy metals such as mercury and lead, which poses a public health risk. Unlike the control group, the positive correlation between arsenic, copper, and strontium levels and age in fishermen can also be evaluated as an indicator of chronic exposure. Keywords Fishermen Heavy metals Trace elements Whole- blood ●
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Introduction As a consequence of increased environmental pollution, food is now one of the toxic chemical agents for people (Ikem and Egiebor 2005). Among all foods, fish is of crucial importance for humans as it contains high-quality protein, essential fatty acids (omega-3, omega-6, etc.), vitamins, and
* Derya Çamur [email protected] 1
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Gülhane Medicine, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
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Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Provincial Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey
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Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Department of Environmental Engineering, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
essential elements (such as selenium) (Domingo et al. 2007; Guérin et al. 2011). Unfortunately, increasing sea pollution is causing heavy metal and trace element contamination in fish and other sea products (Burger and Gochfeld 2005; Domingo et al. 2007; Naser 2013), which are known to be bioaccumulators and capable of biomagnifying heavy metals at h
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