Plants and Heavy Metals
This title focuses on the many aspects of the interaction between plants and heavy metals. Not only it describes the effects of heavy metal toxicity on the plant cell and its organs but it also examines the mechanisms that plants adopt to scavenge heavy m
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Series Editor Larry L. Barton
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10046
Antonella Furini Editor
Plants and Heavy Metals
123
Antonella Furini Department of Biotechnology University of Verona Ca Vignal 1, Strada Le Grazie 15 37134 Verona Italy
ISSN 2191-5407 ISBN 978-94-007-4440-0 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4441-7
ISSN 2191-5415 (electronic) ISBN 978-94-007-4441-7 (eBook)
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Preface
Heavy metals are chemical elements with a specific gravity greater than 5.0. Among the 90 naturally occurring elements, 21 are non-metals, 16 are light metals, and the remaining 53 are (with As included) heavy metals. The definition thus includes the majority of naturally occurring elements, which from a biological perspective is not very helpful. However, only a limited number of heavy metals are soluble under physiological conditions and thus bioavailable to living organisms. Some of these are considered essential for life, including Fe, Co, Mo, Mn, Zn, V, Ni, Cr, Cu, and W. They are required as micronutrients or trace elements because they often act as cofactors in biochemical reactions, but they are toxic
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