Hematologic and serum biochemical reference values in chemically immobilized free-ranging sambar ( Rusa unicolor )
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hematologic and serum biochemical reference values in chemically immobilized free-ranging sambar (Rusa unicolor) Parag Nigam 1 & Animesh Talukdar 1 Sankar Kalyanasundaram 2
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Bilal Habib 1
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Bivash Pandav 1
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Pradeep K. Malik 1
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Received: 8 April 2020 / Revised: 12 November 2020 / Accepted: 17 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Hematological and serum biochemical reference values for 33 free-ranging sambar deer following immobilization with medetomidine (70–100 μgkg−1) and ketamine (1–2 mgkg−1) in Sariska Tiger Reserve in India were established and the differences across sex and age group were compared. Hematological and biochemical variables across different age-classes for red blood cell count, eosinophils, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, triglycerides, and blood glucose varied significantly though the hematological values did not vary between sexes. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were significantly influenced by sex in the present study. Interpretation of the result, however, needs to be made with caution due to the low number of sub-adult compared to adults in the present study. The study highlights the need for understanding the source of individual variation for meaningful interpretation. This paper provides the first report of baseline hematologic and serum biochemistry values for free-ranging sambar deer that can form basis for assessing the state of health and nutritional condition of the animal. Keywords Blood . Rusa unicolor . Sambar deer . Hematology . Serum biochemistry
Introduction Animals in the wilderness live in natural habitats to which they are fully adapted. Understanding their health and wellbeing through studying hematological and serum biochemistry analyses is important to assess the health condition, physiological status, and nutritional status besides providing information on environmental stressors and disease. Most of the information on the hematology and biochemical profile is derived from captive animals that may be influenced by the effects of the animals’ environment in captivity (Flesness 1986), and the values may possibly be different from those in free-ranging counterparts. Additionally, the cost and logistics of sampling in wildlife are often prohibitive due to the lack
* Parag Nigam [email protected] 1
Wildlife Institute of India, P.O. Box 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
2
Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History Anaikatty (POST), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641108, India
of enough individuals to validate a reference range (Miller et al. 2013). The information from small numbers of animals that are usually available yields data that is highly variable and hampers statistical analysis. Establishing reference value for hematologic and biochemical variables in healthy individuals is of paramount importance in comparative physiology as it forms a basis while interpreting health and disease and aid professionals in taking cor
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