Heterostructured Co(OH) 2 nanosheet-coated CuCo 2 S 4 nanopencils on nickel foam for electrodes in high-performance supe
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Heterostructured Co(OH)2 nanosheet-coated CuCo2S4 nanopencils on nickel foam for electrodes in high-performance supercapacitors Fengjuan Miao 1 & Xue Li 1 & Bairui Tao 1 & Paul K. Chu 2 Received: 18 March 2020 / Revised: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Heterostructured Co(OH)2/CuCo2S4/Ni foam electrodes are prepared by using hydrothermal deposition and electrodeposition under optimized conditions and characterized systematically. The nanostructure electrode prepared on the nickel foam provides abundant reaction sites and short diffusion paths for redox reactions and delivers high energy storage performance in supercapacitors due to the suitable mass load and unique morphology. The symmetrical supercapacitor assembled with Co(OH)2/CuCo2S4 shows a high energy density of 52.2 Wh kg−1 at 1236.3 Wh kg−1 and maximum power density of 5530.9 Wh kg−1 at 16.9 Wh kg−1. The excellent properties indicate that Co(OH)2/CuCo2S4 has enormous potential in multifunctional devices such as supercapacitors. Keywords Symmetrical supercapacitor . Co(OH)2/CuCo2S4 . Nano-electrode
Introduction Internet of things (IoT) sensor nodes typically require bursts of activity during short periods of time, but the sudden changes can deplete batteries faster than expected and also create problems for remote installation, and hence larger and more expensive batteries are required. Ultracapacitors can provide the power needed for short bursts of activity without stressing the battery subsystem. One of the key elements on the design of sensor nodes in the internet of things is the energy autonomy including energy collection, long-life batteries, or both in order to ensure a working lifetime of 5, 10, or even 20 years. Fengjuan Miao and Xue Li contributed equally to this work. Xue Li and Fengjuan Miao are co-first authors. * Fengjuan Miao [email protected] * Bairui Tao [email protected] 1
College of Communications and Electronics Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
2
Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
Ultracapacitors, also known as double-layer capacitors, are designed to meet “burst” power requirements. Although there is a clear tradeoff between the energy loss caused by selfdischarging and problems caused by continuous battery charging, the ability to reduce the peak power demand for chemical batteries may extend the lifetime. In comparison, supercapacitors also have a small equivalent series resistance, which allows them to release energy very quickly to generate large instantaneous current density. Supercapacitors are also not affected as much by the temperature as chemical batteries, because they do not rely on chemical reactions that may become slower at lower temperature. Hence, they have been used in applications that require fast charging in seconds and discharging in p
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