High aluminum concentration and initial establishment of Handroanthus impetiginosus : clues about an Al non-resistant sp
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ORIGINAL PAPER
High aluminum concentration and initial establishment of Handroanthus impetiginosus: clues about an Al non‑resistant species in Brazilian Cerrado Ane Marcela das Chagas Mendonça1 · Jean Marcel Sousa Lira2 · Ana Luiza de Oliveira Vilela3 · Daniel Amorim Vieira1 · Nayara Cristina de Melo4 · João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa1
Received: 11 March 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2019 © The Author(s) 2019
Abstract Cerrado soils are acidic and nutrient-poor, with high content of solubilized A l3+. Plants growing in these conditions may display adaptations to cope with high aluminum concentrations especially during early developmental stages. We investigated leaf nutritional status, and photosynthetic and growth characteristics during the initial establishment of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. Ex Dc.) Mattos, a secondary tree species distributed in the Brazilian Cerrado. Our goal was to understand leaf-level traits related to different aluminum concentrations. H. impetiginosus plants were cultivated in four different aluminum sulfate concentrations: 0, 1, 2, and 4 mM Al, for 40 days. We performed analyses of growth, leaf gas exchange, chloroplast pigment content, and leaf mineral nutrients. We observed a linear Project funding: This study is supported by Finance (Code 001) of Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in Brazil. The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com Corresponding editor: Zhu Hong. * João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa [email protected] 1
Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200‑000, Brazil
2
Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG 37130‑001, Brazil
3
Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Fitotecnia, Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200‑000, Brazil
4
Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Belém, PA 66093‑020, Brazil
increase of Al leaf content as a function of Al concentration in the nutrient solution. Plants grown in 1 mM Al showed a remarkable increase of K leaf content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, while in 4 mM Al there were reductions of N, P, and K contents, gas exchange characteristics, and height. H. impetiginosus did not have mechanisms of avoidance, compartmentalization, or resistance to high Al concentrations. Indeed, this species showed a hormetic response, with low Al concentrations stimulating and high Al concentrations inhibiting plant responses. Keywords Hormesis · Low Al concentration · Al toxicity · Cerrado species · Carbon assimilation
Introduction Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. Ex Dc.) Mattos., popularly known as ipê roxo, is a secondary tree species distributed in Cerradão and Cerrado strictu sensu landscapes (Scolforo 2008; Salomão and Camilo 2016). It stands o
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