High-density surface electromyography maps after computer-aided training in individual with congenital transverse defici
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(2020) 21:682
CASE REPORT
Open Access
High-density surface electromyography maps after computer-aided training in individual with congenital transverse deficiency: a case study Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz1* , Jarosław Marusiak1, Mónica Rojas-Martínez2, Damian Janecki1, Sławomir Chomiak1, Łukasz Kamiński1, Joanna Mencel1, Miguel Ángel Mañanas3, Artur Jaskólski1 and Anna Jaskólska1 Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether computer-aided training (CAT) of motor tasks would increase muscle activity and change its spatial distribution in a patient with a bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it demonstrates the usefulness of CAT in promoting the neuromuscular adaptation in people with congenital limb deficiencies and altered body image. Case presentation: The patient with bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency and the healthy control subject performed 12 weeks of the CAT. The subject’s task was to imagine reaching and grasping a book with the hand. Subjects were provided a visual animation of that movement and sensory feedback to facilitate the mental engagement to accomplish the task. High-density electromyography (HD-EMG; 64-electrode) were collected from the trapezius muscle during a shrug isometric contraction before and after 4, 8, 12 weeks of the training. After training, we observed in our patient changes in the spatial distribution of the activation, and the increased average intensity of the EMG maps and maximal force. Conclusions: These results, although from only one patient, suggest that mental training supported by computergenerated visual and sensory stimuli leads to beneficial changes in muscle strength and activity. The increased muscle activation and changed spatial distribution of the EMG activity after mental training may indicate the training-induced functional plasticity of the motor activation strategy within the trapezius muscle in individual with bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency. Marked changes in spatial distribution during the submaximal contraction in the patient after training could be associated with changes of the neural drive to the muscle, which corresponds with specific (unfamiliar for patient) motor task. These findings are relevant to neuromuscular functional rehabilitation in patients with a bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency especially before and after upper limb transplantation and to development of the EMG based prostheses. Keywords: Mental training, Virtual reality system, Congenital upper limb amputation, Trapezius muscle, Case report * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Al.I.J. Paderewskiego 35, P4, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons
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