High-Performance Electronically Tunable Analog Filter Using a Single EX-CCCII
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High-Performance Electronically Tunable Analog Filter Using a Single EX-CCCII Deepak Agrawal1
· Sudhanshu Maheshwari1
Received: 30 April 2020 / Revised: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, an electronically tunable mixed-mode analog filter is proposed, which employs only a single active element, namely Extra X Current Controlled Conveyor (EX-CCCII), two capacitors and a single resistor. The proposed circuit uses minimum components, so it is easy to integrate on chip. The circuit provides all four mode operations, namely current mode, voltage mode, transadmittance mode (TAM) and transimpedance mode without changing the circuit configuration. The circuit can provide all the five filter functions: low pass, high pass, band pass, band reject, and all pass by selecting appropriate input signals except the TAM. The parameters of the proposed circuit, i.e. angular frequency (ωo ) and the quality factor (Q) are independent, while ωo is electronically tunable. The frequency range is 2.29 MHz to 22.9 MHz with a bias current variation from 1 to 100 μA. The effects of non-idealities and parasitics of the active element on the circuit performances are discussed. The results are verified through PSPICE simulation using a 0.18 μm CMOS technology with the supply voltages of ± 0.5 V. The power consumption is 13.5 μW at 1 μA, and 1.35 mW at 100 μA. The experimental setup further validates the theory and simulation results. Keywords Mixed mode · Current conveyor · Analog filter · EX-CCCII
1 Introduction Mixed-mode biquadratic filter is an important analog function which is widely used in communication and instrumentation systems [1, 5, 11, 24, 33]. In the technical literature, many analog filters based on current mode [5, 16, 29–33] and voltage mode
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Deepak Agrawal [email protected] Sudhanshu Maheshwari [email protected]
1
Department of Electronics Engineering, Z.H.C.E.T, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India
Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing
[3] have been realized which employs different current conveyors (CCs) [2, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 16, 22, 25, 31, 33, 37, 38] Also, the analog filters operating in transimpedance and/or transadmittance [11] are also useful in such applications where a voltage mode and/or current mode circuit is to connect with the current mode and/or voltage mode circuit. Thus, the mixed-mode filter is beneficial, which provides all four modes of operation, namely voltage mode (VM), current mode (CM), transadmittance mode (TAM), and transmpedance mode (TIM) on the same circuitry. These filters are also classified on the basis of input and output terminals such as single input single output (SISO) [34], single input multiple outputs (SIMO) [6, 12, 17, 21, 22, 24, 27, 41], multiple inputs single output (MISO) [2, 10, 13, 18, 19, 36, 40], multiple inputs multiple output (MIMO) [26]. In the available literature [1–3, 5–15, 17–20, 22, 24–28, 32–41], many active blocks have been used
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