History of Mummy Studies
The recorded history of mummy studies begins with Herodotus’s insightful observations of Egyptian mummification procedures, including socioeconomic distinctions between elaborate and less intricate forms. Such differences were confirmed by Diodorus, writi
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Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Egyptian Mummies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . European Tourism Begins: ~450 BCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Influence of Egyptian Mummification Upon Egyptian and Greek Medical Practice . . . The Medieval Period (476–1500 CE), the Renaissance (1300–1600 CE), and the Emergence of the “Mummy” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Era of European Exploration and Discovery (15th–17th Centuries) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Spanish Conquest of the South American Andes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The 17th, 18th, and early 19th Centuries: Collecting, Spectacles, and Stirrings of Science . . . Unwrapping Egyptian Mummies in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Napoleon and the Savants (1798–1801) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Spectacles and Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Egyptomanie and Unrolling Mummies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nineteenth-Century Scientific Study of Egyptian Mummies in the UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eighteenth to Twentieth Centuries: Scientific Observations in South America Begin and the Earliest Prepared, Artificial Mummies in the World Are Discovered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Collecting and Viewing Mummies in North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nineteenth-Century American Scientific Contributions to the Egyptian Question . . . . . . . . . . Early Twentieth Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary, Conclusions, and Fast Forward to the Twenty-First Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross-References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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