Hot-Melt Extruded Selenium: a Highly Absorbable Nano-Selenium in Lactating Sows Exposed to High Ambient Temperature
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Hot-Melt Extruded Selenium: a Highly Absorbable Nano-Selenium in Lactating Sows Exposed to High Ambient Temperature KwangYeol Kim 1 & Abdolreza Hosseindoust 1 & YoHan Choi 2 & MinJu Kim 3 & JunHyung Lee 4 & TaeGyun Kim 1 & ByungJo Chae 1 Received: 30 June 2020 / Accepted: 22 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To study the role of hot-melt extruded (HME) selenium (Se) and in the lactating sows’ reproductive performance and litter growth, a total of 60 crossbred sows (Yorkshire × Landrace; average body weight, 245.3 kg) were allotted to one of four treatments according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The performance of lactating sows was investigated in the different average room temperatures (high temperature (HT), 28.1 °C vs. low temperature (LT), 24.6 °C), and different selenium sources (INO, 0.15 mg common sodium selenite/kg diet; HME, 0.15 mg nano-sodium selenite/kg diet) during the summer season. At days 10 and 21, the serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and Se concentration were greater in lactating sows fed HME compared with sows fed INO diet. The concentration of Se in the serum was greater in piglets from the HME treatment compared with piglets from the INO treatment. The HT treatment had a significantly higher body weight loss, backfat thickness loss, and weaning-to-estrus interval. The piglets’ survivability, total weight gain, daily feed intake, and average daily gain during the lactation were greater in the LT sows compared with the HT sows. A higher blood cortisol concentration was observed in the HT sows compared with the LT. Selenium contents of milk at days 10 and 21 postpartum were increased by dietary supplementation of HME. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that there are no performance differences between sows fed different Se sources; however, HME supplementation increased serum and milk Se content, resulting in increased serum GPx concentration in sows and a greater serum Se in the litters. Keywords Glutathione peroxidase activity . Heat stress . Hot-melt extrusion . Lactating sow . Selenium . Nano
Introduction The reduced feed intake and possibly a low intake of antioxidant factors such as selenium compromise the reproductive performance of sows and induce the oxidative stress in mother sows and their litters [1]. Selenium plays KwangYeol Kim and Abdolreza Hosseindoust contributed equally to this work. * ByungJo Chae [email protected] 1
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
2
Swine Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of Korea
3
Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
4
Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
a crucial role in cellular antioxidant defense, immune response, and reduction of inflammation [2,
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