How do extremely high temperatures affect labor market performance? Evidence from rural China
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How do extremely high temperatures affect labor market performance? Evidence from rural China Chengzheng Li1 · Zheng Pan2 Received: 21 September 2019 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To improve understanding of the labor market implications of climate change, this paper investigates how heat extremes affect individual-level labor market outcomes in rural China. By exploiting daily weather and household survey data during the period 1989–2011, we find that extremely high temperatures significantly reduce rural laborers’ working hours and wages but have no statistically significant effect on their employment status. In addition, the adverse effects of extremely high temperatures on the service sector and on female workers could be long-lasting. To attenuate the detrimental effects of temperature shocks, rural laborers may perform adjustment behaviors to reduce direct exposure to high-temperature working environments, including leaving agricultural primary occupations and engaging in non-agricultural secondary occupations. Keywords Climate change · Labor market outcomes · Heat extremes · Rural China JEL Classification O15 · J01 · Q54
This research has been funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 71903074 and 71803132), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2018A030310658), the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 16ZDA019), South China Normal University (Grant No. 18SK15), and the Young Innovative Talent Project of Guangdong Province Education Department (Grant No. 2019WQNCX012). The authors thank participants in the interdisciplinary meeting of exchange in environment and economics at Jinan University. This research uses data from China Health and Nutrition Survey. The authors thank the National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Carolina Population Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the NIH (R01-HD30880, DK056350, and R01-HD38700), and the Fogarty International Center, NIH, for financial support for the CHNS data collection and analysis files from 1989 to 2006 and both parties plus the China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health, for support for CHNS 2009 and future surveys. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181020-01954-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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C. Li, Z. Pan
1 Introduction Climate change involves rising average temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and an increase in extreme weather events (Myhre et al. 2013; Pachauri et al. 2014). In recent years, a growing number of empirical studies have examined the historical relationships between weather shocks and agricultural outputs (Deschenes and Greenstone 2007; Schlenker and Roberts 2009; Burke and Emerick 2016; Chen et al. 2016; Zhang et
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