How Internal Factors Affect the Performance of Ethnic Political Parties in Central and Eastern European Countries: A QCA
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How Internal Factors Affect the Performance of Ethnic Political Parties in Central and Eastern European Countries: A QCA‑Based Analysis Yousun Yang1 Received: 24 October 2019 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © Fudan University 2020
Abstract Ethnic political parties developed very fast in Central and Eastern Europe Countries after the end of the Cold War in 1991, and they participated actively in domestic and international politics with a view to making their voices heard. One important way which ethnic political parties involved themselves in political affairs was participating in parliamentary elections. However, performances of different ethnic political parties varied greatly; some developed very smoothly, while others remained weak from when they were established, still others disappeared after a short time of fast development. In explanation of the rise and fall, and success and failure of ethnic political parties in CEECs, the existing research focuses mainly on external factors such as electoral system, electoral threshold, and concentration degree of ethnic groups rather than on the ethnic political parties themselves. This article will try to analyze whether and how internal factors of ethnic political parties such as ideology, party goals, organizational strengths, and the timing of establishment had an impact on their success in parliamentary elections. To compare the effects of internal and external factors, this study puts internal and external factors together and analyzes them by the qualitative comparative analysis method, and tries to find which factors are necessary conditions, which combined conditions are sufficient configurations for the success of the ethnic political parties. Keywords Ethnic political party · Qualitative comparative analysis · Parliamentary election · Internal factors
* Yousun Yang [email protected] 1
Government School, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201701, China
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Chinese Political Science Review
1 Introduction To express long-suffering demands, ethnic minorities in the Central and Eastern European countries (hereinafter referred as CEECs)1 organized themselves and founded lots of political parties, through which they actively participated in politics after the end of the Cold War. Due to high proportion of ethnic minority population and salience of ethnic minority issues, ethnic political parties (hereinafter referred as EPPs) developed rapidly and played an important role in almost all CEECs, especially in the first 2 decades after the end of the Cold War. Although EPPs declined to some extent in the third decade, they still remained active in politics. While different EPPs performed differently, some of them have achieved great success in the parliamentary elections and caused bigger changes in national policies and politics, such as the Movement for Rights and Freedoms in Bulgaria, the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, the Most-Híd in Slovak. Some other EPPs only succeeded occasionally in parliamentary ele
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