Human disturbance and long-term changes in fish taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity in the Yellow River, Ch
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AQUATIC HOMOGENOCENE
Human disturbance and long-term changes in fish taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity in the Yellow River, China Yintao Jia . Mark J. Kennard . Yuhan Liu . Xiaoyun Sui . Kemao Li . Guojie Wang . Yifeng Chen
Received: 29 July 2019 / Revised: 23 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 March 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Dramatic environmental changes and species invasions are increasingly threatening the diverse fish fauna of the Yellow River, China. This study examines temporal changes in the alpha and beta components of fish taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity in relation to anthropogenic environmental changes over the past 50 years. We hypothesized that temporal trends in multifaceted components of diversity would be highly congruent, but that the relative importance of anthropogenic Guest editors: Andre´ A. Padial, Julian D. Olden & Jean R. S. Vitule / The Aquatic Homogenocene
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04244-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y. Jia Y. Liu X. Sui Y. Chen (&) Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China e-mail: [email protected] M. J. Kennard Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia Y. Liu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China K. Li G. Wang Qinghai Provincial Fishery Environmental Monitoring Center, Xining, China
disturbances would differ in shaping spatial patterns of fish diversity. We found that all three components of alpha diversity increased over time but at different rates (19.1%, 21.3% and 15.3% for taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity, respectively). Fish faunas of the Yellow River have also become homogenized over time, but this was much greater for functional and phylogenetic components of beta diversity than for taxonomic diversity (change in beta diversity = - 0.11, - 0.24 and - 0.02, respectively). Temporal changes in alpha and beta diversity were strongly related to invasion of non-native fish species and changes in temperature, sediment load, reservoir capacity and aquaculture area. Our results underscore the ongoing need for threat mitigation (particularly relating to dams and aquaculture) to conserve the unique biodiversity of one of the world’s largest rivers. Keywords Alpha diversity Beta diversity Environmental change Multifaceted diversity Fish assemblages
Introduction Human activities have triggered the sixth major biodiversity crisis, with unprecedented extinction of native species and extensive introduction of nonnative species, which have modified species assemblages in many parts of the world (Villeger et al., 2011;
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Hydrobiologia
Toussaint et al., 2018). Quantifying the extent of spatial and temporal biodiversity change after ecosystem disturbance and unravelling the environmental drivers of diversity and community assembly
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