Hydrangea-like mesoporous WO 3 nanoflowers with crystalline framework for 3-hydroxy-2-butanone sensing
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RESEARCH PAPER
Hydrangea-like mesoporous WO3 nanoflowers with crystalline framework for 3-hydroxy-2-butanone sensing Dongpo Xu 1 & Kangjie Ge 1 & Shuyan Qi 1 & Yan Chen 1 & Jingxuan Qiu 1 & Qing Liu 1 Received: 16 July 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, a simple and efficient strategy for the construction of hydrangea-like mesoporous WO3 nanoflowers templated using diblock copolymer PS119-PtBA129 was developed. The nanoflower shows good gas sensing properties, especially for 3hydroxy-2-butanone (3H-2B), which is the signature metabolite of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). Therefore, the gas sensing of 3H-2B by hydrangea-like mesoporous WO3 nanoflowers can be used to detect L. monocytogenes. In the case of 25 ppm 3H-2B as target gas, the response (Ra/Rg) of the hydrangea-like mesoporous WO3 nanoflowers at 205 °C is 152, where Ra and Rg are the resistances of the sensing device in air and target gas, respectively, and the response and recovery times at 25 ppm are 25 s and 146 s, respectively. Keywords Gas sensor . 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone . WO3 . Hydrangea-like . Listeria monocytogenes
Introduction Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is one of the most common food-borne species of pathogenic bacteria. It can cause food-borne illnesses in pregnant women, the elderly, and immunocompromised people. It is widespread in our living environment, for instance, in water, food, and soil [1, 2]. To date, many methods of L. monocytogenes detection have been developed, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [3], flow cytometry [4, 5], dynamic light scattering [6], and polymerase chain reaction [7, 8]. Most of these techniques are used to detect L. monocytogenes directly with expensive instruments and reagents in the laboratory, and they cannot realize point-of-care testing (POCT). Therefore, it is important to consider a simple method for POCT in food enterprises and market supervision units.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02973-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dongpo Xu [email protected] 1
School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Metal oxides with low fabrication cost, simple applicabilities, and hierarchical structures can be used as chemical gas sensors for the POCT detection of harmful gases. The use of metal oxide materials, such as SnO2 [9, 10], ZnO [11], InO [12], and WO3 [13, 14], as gas sensors has been reported. Bacteria can produce and emit widely diverse organic and inorganic volatile compounds in its growth process, such as hydrocarbons, ketones, acids, terpenes, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide [15, 16]. While more than 1000 bacterial volatile compounds have been described by now, some volatile compounds may be the special metabolites from the bacteria,
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