Fabrication of WO 3 photoanode on crystalline Si solar cell for water splitting
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Fabrication of WO3 photoanode on crystalline Si solar cell for water splitting Yuanfei Feng1 · Linlin Guan1 · Junjie Li1 · Xuan Li1 · Shuyu Zhang1 · Yangjing Jiao1 · Shuangshuang Zhang1 · Yuting Lin1 · Yang Ren1 · Xiaowei Zhou1 · Zhu Liu1 Received: 27 February 2020 / Accepted: 8 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract An integrated device of solar cell and photocatalysis (p-Si fronted solar cell/ CoSi2/WO3) has been used as photoanode for water splitting. The W O3 had been synthesized by co-electrodeposition of CoW on the p-Si fronted solar cell and followed by the annealing and acid treatment. The XRD and SEM show the amorphous structure for both as-depostion and after treatment samples. After the treatment, XPS and the ellipsometer spectroscopy shows that the CoSi2 and WO3 was formed with the band gap of 1.32 eV and 2.67 eV, respectively. Without additional power, we had demonstrated that the p-Si fronted solar cell/CoSi2/WO3 can achieve ~ 0.046 mA/cm2 photocurrent.
1 Introduction As a way to mimic the natural photosynthesis for converting the solar energy into the chemical energy by integrating the photoanode with a solar cell device, used as the water splitting under sunlight irradiation, has attracted much attentions [1, 2]. In this water splitting integrated device, the photocatalysis has the most important play in the device efficiency which are determined by its band gap and the relative energy position of its conduction band and valence band to the hydrogen and oxygen equilibrium potential of the water solution. In the conventional system of photocatalysis [3, 4], the photocatalysis has a wide band gap [5, 6] hence results a low electric conductivity. In the water splitting, the photocatalysis is required to have a valence band lower or close to the equilibrium potential of O 2/OH- for O2 production, while for hydrogen production, the conduction band of the photocatalysis is required to close or above the equilibrium Yuanfei Feng and Linlin Guan have contributed equally to this. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03968-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zhu Liu [email protected] 1
School of Physics and Astronomy of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China
potential of H 2/H+ [7, 8]. Hence, it’s challenge to meet both criteria for the O2 and H2 production due to the energy mismatch. Especially, the greatest challenge lies in the O2 production due to the difficulty to find a suitable material whose valence band close to or lower than oxygen-evolution potential. Hence, it normally requires additional driving force for O2 production. In the integrated device of the photoanode/ solar cell, the solar cell unit provides an additional driving force for the O2 production, and had demonstrated enhancing the water splitting process [9]. In addition, multi-electron transfer governs the evolution of oxygen gas over Tungsten o
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