Hydrobiogeochemistry of Two Catchments in Brazil Under Forest Recovery in an Environmental Services Payment Program
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Hydrobiogeochemistry of Two Catchments in Brazil Under Forest Recovery in an Environmental Services Payment Program Ricardo de Oliveira Figueiredo & Matheus Martins Simioli & Talita de Varela Utsuni Camargo Jesus & Patrícia Porta Nova da Cruz & Gustavo Bayma & Sandra Furlan Nogueira & Timothy Richard Green & Plínio Barbosa de Camargo
Received: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 November 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract We investigated the fluvial geochemistry of two catchments at different stages in the forest recovery process which have been a focus of an Environmental Services Payment (ESP) program in Brazil. The Posses (PS) and Salto de Cima (SC) catchments (1200 ha and 1500 ha, respectively) are situated in the municipality of Extrema, Minas Gerais state. Their streams flow into the Jaguari River that supplies part of the water demand of the São Paulo metropolitan area. Samples were collected for chemical analysis and physical-chemical field measures every 2 weeks from January to December 2017. An important pollution point source was discovered in the PS stream related to bovine urine and feces, as well another unidentified source that can be related to a small food processing industry and/or a small fish farm. At the SC stream, on the other hand, there was clear evidence
R. de Oliveira Figueiredo (*) Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127.5, Cx. Postal 69, Jaguariúna, SP 13.918-110, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] M. Martins Simioli Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] T. de Varela Utsuni Camargo Jesus Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] P. Porta Nova da Cruz Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
of domestic sewage input. This preliminary study confirmed a limited improvement of the stream water quality in response to recovery of the forest vegetation. Therefore, we recommend that in addition to enhanced monitoring to help distinguish biogeochemical sources and the benefits of land conservation practices, the ESP program should consider controlling point source pollution to accomplish its purpose.
Keywords Biogeochemical cycling . Ecosystem services . Land use change . Watershed management . Water quality . Water resources
G. Bayma Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] S. Furlan Nogueira Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] T. Richard Green USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Fort Collins, CO, USA e-mail: [email protected] P. Barbosa de Camargo USP, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
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Introduction The Brazilian states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo faced an unusual water crisis in the years 2014–2015, which deeply affected and worried the urban and rural populations, agriculture and industry sectors, as well as the local, state, and federal governm
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