Hyperthermia response of PEGylated magnetic graphene nanocomposites for heating applications and accelerate antibacteria
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Hyperthermia response of PEGylated magnetic graphene nanocomposites for heating applications and accelerate antibacterial activity using magnetic fluid hyperthermia Shadie Hatamie1 · Po‑Jen Shih2 · Mahsa Soufi Zomorod3 · Pooyan Heravi4 · Mohammad Mahdi Ahadian5 · Niloofar Hatami6 Received: 3 January 2020 / Accepted: 6 March 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this research work, graphene/cobalt nanocomposites are functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to be a platform for theranostics application and antibacterial activity. The non-covalent functionalization of PEG on the surfaces of nanocomposites improved their stability and diminished their cytotoxicity. The PEGylated nanocomposites are demonstrated to allow simultaneous administration of two cancer therapy methods such as magnetic fluids hyperthermia (MFH) which is carried out by converting magnetic energy into heat through ferromagnetic cobalt nanoparticles and heat generation through near-infrared optical absorption by the reduced graphene oxide. A concise simulation is carried out to approximate in vivo conditions and provide a glimpse of practical PEGylated nanocomposites performance. Furthermore, we demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of the PEGylated nanocomposites against Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria under alternative current magnetic field (AMF). The graphene/cobalt/PEG (rGO/Co/PEG) nanocomposites show antibacterial activity toward E. coli bacteria of about 100%, when the bacteria intact with nanocomposites are placed under AMF for 15 min. For comparison, the antimicrobial activities of graphene/PEG sheets and cobalt/PEG nanoparticles are also checked. This study concentrates on the design of novel non-toxic PEGylated nanocomposites to be used for dual hyperthermia therapy and bacteria killing by MFH treatments. Keywords rGO/Co/PEG · Antibacterial activities · Magnetic fluid hyperthermia · Photo thermal therapy · Escherichia coli
1 Introduction
* Shadie Hatamie [email protected] * Po‑Jen Shih [email protected] 1
College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
2
Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
3
Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
4
Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
5
Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
6
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Standard cancer treatments consisted of surgery, radiationtherapy and chemotherapy [1]. These methods have serious side effects and show limited success to fight against cancer. Nanoparticles (NPs) hold the promise of presenting a new approach to hyperthermia cancer treatment that coupled with tumor targeting strategies can reduce damage to the surrounding normal tissue and increase damage to the cancer tissue [2–5]. Hyperthermia is elevated body temperature which can be used fo
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