Identification and incidence of hard tick species during summer season 2019 in Jijel Province (northeastern Algeria)
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Identification and incidence of hard tick species during summer season 2019 in Jijel Province (northeastern Algeria) Derradj Lotfi1
•
Kohil Karima1,2
Received: 26 July 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 Ó Indian Society for Parasitology 2020
Abstract Ticks are haematophagous arthropodsand tickborne diseases causes billions of dollars in losses in the cattle industry because of the ability of ticks to be vector for many pathogens. This paper identifies and compares the infestation rate (prevalence and intensity) of females of hard tick species compared to males with respect to sex, age and breed of cattle in the region of Jijel, northeastern Algeria. A total of infested 53 cattle were screened and 1214 ticks were collected manually during summer 2019 (June, July and August) and identified based on their morphology. Seven tick species were identified as infesting the cattle: viz. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, Rhipicephalus bursa, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Hyalomma scupense, and Hyalomma anatolicum. The predominant tick species recorded is Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus. The maximum intensity of tick infestation as a function of age is between 3 and 4 years and 5 and 6 years (39 ticks/cow). The study shows that the comparison between the prevalence of infestation in females and males is significant as a function of sex and breed of cattle. In addition, only the intensity of infestation as a function of the age of the cattle, when comparing the sexes of the ticks, is significant (p \ 0.05). This study also provides data for
& Derradj Lotfi [email protected] Kohil Karima [email protected] 1
Arthropods Biosystematics and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, Fre`res Mentouri Constantine 1 University, Constantine, Algeria
2
Institute of Veterinary Science, Fre`res Mentouri Constantine 1 University, Constantine, Algeria
the development of an active control plan based on tick mating strategies for the management of ticks in cattle in Jijel, Algeria. Keywords Ixodes Breton blackfoot Plain redfoot Brown atlas Extensive system Biotic factors
Introduction In recent years, interest in ticks has increased. They feed on blood and serve as vectors for many diseases in vertebrates, especially mammals (Wall and Shearer 2008). Worldwide, over 700 species of hard ticks belong to 14 genera. Medical and veterinary importance genera are Ixodes, Dermacentor, Amblyomma, Haemaphysalis, Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma (Koc et al. 2015). Thus, losses due to tick infestation are enormous, for example in India, where it causes an annual loss of US$ 498.7 million (Minjauw and McLeod 2003); In Australia, Jonsson et al. (1998) reported that each engorging female Boophilus microplus tick was responsible for loss of 8.9 ml of daily milk production and 1.0 g body weight over a trial period of 15 weeks. Mediterranean theileriosis is widely distributed throughout southern Spain, where it causes economic losses of considerable importance (Viseras a
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