Water quality assessment and organic pollution identification of Hammam-Grouz dam (Northeastern Algeria)
- PDF / 2,644,733 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 90 Downloads / 184 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Water quality assessment and organic pollution identification of Hammam-Grouz dam (Northeastern Algeria) Badreddine Saadali 1,2 Yacine Kouba 1,6
&
Abdelhamid Khedidja 3 & Naouel Mihoubi 4 & Amira Ouddah 1,2 & Toufik Djebassi 5 &
Received: 4 August 2019 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract The water quality of the Hammam-Grouz dam is deteriorating. This deterioration is due to the inputs of pollutants and nutrients from sewage discharges and the use of fertilizers in agriculture. These waters, normally stored to meet growing domestic, industrial, and agricultural needs, are also polluted, and this pollution is increasing over time. The objective of this work is to assess water quality in Hammam-Grouz dam through interpreting some organic parameters analyzed, namely, organic matter (OM), nitrates (NO3−), nitrites (NO2−), ammonium (NH4+), phosphate (PO43−), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand for 5 days (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The study also aims at identifying the organic pollution levels of dam waters through referring to the methods of the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) and the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (IHE) for the years 1988, 2006, 2015, 2016, and 2017. The results obtained show that the waters indicate high concentrations in NO2−, PO43−, NH4+, OM, and COD which exceed the Algerian standards recommended by the National Agency for Hydric Resources (ANRH), and the quality of waters is rather poor with an increase of concentrations recorded during 2017, indicating high organic pollution. According to OPI and IHE methods, the dam waters show an organic pollution levels which evolve from low-moderate to high-very high. Therefore, the waters are unsuitable for further use and thus require immediate intervention and measures to eliminate pollution sources and to reduce some human activities that degrade the quality of the dam waters. Keywords Nutrients . OPI . Hammam-Grouz . IHE . Organic parameters . Dam waters
Introduction The surface waters are considered as a renewable water resource necessary for the survival of living beings, and they are either immobile (lakes, reservoirs, dams) or surface runoff (streams, rivers) (Shiklomanov 1991; Margat and van der Gun 2013). Meanwhile, these continental freshwaters are also considered as limited, fragile, and are threatened by increasing
daily consumption and by multiple pollutions of natural and anthropogenic origin (Rouabhia et al. 2012; Saadali et al. 2015; Hamad et al. 2018; Barbieri et al. 2019). For a long time, man had to invent adequate means to preserve the surface waters which finally evaporate or flow directly into the oceans (Postel et al. 1996; Lemons and Brown 2013). He was able to build dams on rivers to store significant amounts of water and save water for the maintenance of domestic
Responsible editor: Broder J. Merkel * Badreddine Saadali [email protected] 1
2
Natural Resources and Management of Sensitive Environments Laboratory, Larbi Ben M’hi
Data Loading...
