Identification of chromosomes controlling yield stability in wheat using component and path analysis
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2014 (September) 17 (3) : 167 ~ 174 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-013-0013-x RESEARCH ARTICLE
Identification of Chromosomes Controlling Yield Stability in Wheat Using Component and Path Analysis Ezatollah Farshadfar1,*, Hojjat Hasheminasab1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Received: January 30, 2013/July 11, 2013/June 21, 2014 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2014
Abstract In order to identify the chromosomes controlling yield and yield stability, 21 wheat substitution lines along with their parents: genotypes Chinese Spring (recipient) and Chayan (donor) and genotype Sardary, as control, were used in a randomized complete block design with three replications under two different conditions (rainfed and irrigated) for two consecutive cropping seasons (2007 - 2009) at the Agricultural College of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. The results of descriptive diagram and combined analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for genotypes (G), environments (E) and GE interaction, indicating variability between G, E and their effects in the GE interaction and possible detection of the chromosomes controlling yield and yield stability in wheat. Chromosome substitution lines 3B, 4B, 1D and 2D showed higher yield and yield components in different environments which indicated these chromosomes might carry quantitative trait locus (QTLs) associated with controlling adaptation. Component analysis illustrated that chromosomes 1A, 5A, 7A, 5B and 7D had higher components C3 (thousand-seed weight, TSW) and higher MCi (multiplied coefficient of variation) can be identified as the key responsible chromosomes for yield instability. Chromosomes 1A, 3B, 6B, 1D and 2D had the highest and chromosomes 2A, 3A and 5D had lowest path coefficient V3 (TSW). Therefore, higher grain yield and yield stability of chromosomes 1A, 5A, 7A, 3B, 5B, 6B, 1D, 2D and 7D are because of higher genotypic component coefficients TSW. In this study, chromosomes with negative effects on yield and yield stability were mainly located on genome A and chromosomes with positive effects were found on genome B. Key words : chromosome substitution lines, component analysis, path analysis, wheat, yield stability
Introduction Drought is the most important environmental stress in arid and semi-arid regions that limit the productivity of many crops and affects both the quality and quantity of yield (Cao et al. 2009; Farshadfar 1999). Breeding and selection for high yield under water stress has been a major objective of crop breeders working in these environments (Lynch and Tai 1989). Although grain yield (GY) is the principle selection index used under drought stress conditions, breeding for drought tolerance by selecting solely for GY may not be successful, because the heritability of GY under drought conditions is controlled at independent genetic loci (Farshadfar et al. 2008; Zobel et al. 1988). Ezatollah Farshadfar (
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