Identification of species traits enhancing yield in wheat-faba bean intercropping: development and sensitivity analysis
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Identification of species traits enhancing yield in wheat-faba bean intercropping: development and sensitivity analysis of a minimalist mixture model H. N. C. Berghuijs & Z. Wang & T. J. Stomph & M. Weih & W. Van der Werf & G. Vico
Received: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Aim Cereal-legume intercropping can result in yield gains compared to monocrops. We aim to identify the combination of crop traits and management practices that confer a yield advantage in strip intercropping. Methods We developed a novel, parameter-sparse process-based crop growth model (Minimalist Mixture Model, M3) that can simulate strip intercrops under well-watered but nitrogen limited growth conditions. It was calibrated and validated for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) and spring faba bean (Vicia faba) grown as monocrops and intercrops, and used to identify the most suitable trait combinations in these intercrops via sensitivity analyses. Responsible Editor: Richard J. Simpson. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04668-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. H. N. C. Berghuijs : M. Weih : G. Vico Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ulls väg 16, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden H. N. C. Berghuijs (*) Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] Z. Wang : T. J. Stomph : W. Van der Werf Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
Results The land equivalent ratio of intercrops was greater than one over a wide range of nitrogen fertilizer levels, but transgressive overyielding, with total yield in the intercrop greater than that of either sole crop, was only obtained at intermediate nitrogen applications. We ranked the local sensitivities of the individual yields of wheat and faba bean of the whole intercrop under various nitrogen input levels to various crop traits. Conclusions The total intercrop yield can be improved by selecting specific traits related to phenology of both species, as well as light use efficiency of faba bean and, under high nitrogen applications, of wheat. Changes in height-related crop traits affected individual yields of species in intercrops but not the total intercrop yield. Keywords Intercrop . Strip intercrop . Mixture . Wheat . Faba bean . Model . Sensitivity analysis . Crop growth model . Sensitivity analysis
Introduction Intercropping is the practice of growing more than one species in the same place with a substantial overlap between their growing seasons (Willey and Rao 1980a; Willey and Rao 1980b). This is in contrast to the more common practice of growing monocrops, in which only one species is grown in a field during the growing season. Intercropping can have various advantages over growing monocrops. For instanc
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