Identification of seismic attributes for hydrocarbon prospecting of Akos field, Niger Delta, Nigeria
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Identification of seismic attributes for hydrocarbon prospecting of Akos field, Niger Delta, Nigeria Godwin Omokenu Emujakporue1 · Emmanuel Enifome Enyenihi1 Received: 5 December 2019 / Accepted: 18 March 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In this study, we have extracted and analyzed four seismic attributes of Akos oil field to obtain more information about the structures, stratigraphy and hydrocarbon potential of the Akos field from available seismic and a suite of well logs data. Two lithology and reservoirs were delineated from the well logs. Two horizons and growth faults were identified in the seismic sections. For a comprehensive analysis of the structural and stratigraphic understanding of the reservoirs, four seismic attributes variance edge, sweetness, root mean square and relative acoustic impedance were applied to the seismic data. The Variance edge analysis was used to delineate the prominent and subtle faults in the area. The high sweetness regions in the seismic data indicate high amplitude which indicates the presence of hydrocarbon-bearing sand units. The root mean square amplitude analysis also indicates the presence of hydrocarbon in seismic data. The relative acoustic impedance analysis was used for delineating lithology variation in the seismic sections. The result of the seismic attribute analysis has shown that the Akos field has good hydrocarbon prospects. Keywords Seismic attributes · Root mean square amplitude · Variance edge · Niger-Delta · Hydrocarbon prospects
1 Introduction Seismic attributes analysis involves the procedure used to extract corresponding subsurface geological information from seismic sections [5–7, 20]. Seismic attributes are extensively being used in the oil industry to predict subsurface reservoir properties [9, 28, 32, 35] . Seismic attributes are used in most seismic exploration and reservoir study to correctly image the subsurface geological structures, correctly characterize the amplitudes of the seismic data and to obtain information on reservoir properties [26, 27, 38, 39]. Seismic attributes analysis also offers clues to lithology typing, estimation of layer porosity, fluid content, mitigation of stratigraphic and structural features, drilling risk, reservoir characterization, and better identification and definition of sweet spots.
Seismic attributes are quantities of geometric, kinematic, dynamic, or statistical features obtained from seismic data [11, 18, 24, 35]. The geometrical seismic attributes can enhance the visibility of the geometrical characteristics of seismic events and are sensitive to the lateral variation of azimuth, continuity, similarity, curvature, energy, and dip [3]. The geometrical attributes are used for structural and stratigraphic interpretations of seismic data. This study aims to determine the seismic attributes of the Akos field for the identification of potential hydrocarbon reservoirs and four seismic attributes: variance edge, sweetness, root mean square and relative acoustic impedance were applied to the sei
