Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in the Niger Delta: human health risk assessment of BTEX in biota
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in the Niger Delta: human health risk assessment of BTEX in biota Agatha E. Ojimelukwe1,2,3 · Magdalene Okeh Nafagha‑Lawal2,3 · Kariye Elizabeth Lelei2,3,4 · Arinze O. Uche2,3 · Ehiedu Philomina Kika1,2,3 · Sorbari Igbiri2,5 · Bernard B. Babatunde1,2,3 · Francis David Sikoki1,2 Accepted: 24 September 2020 © Korean Society of Environmental Risk Assessment and Health Science 2020
Abstract Objective Based on the context of extensive petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in southern Nigeria, the concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) in seafood were determined, and the health risks of these compounds were evaluated. Methods Biota samples (Crayfish, Goby fish, Moonfish, Mudskipper, Mullet, Sardine and Tilapia) were collected from the Bonny Estuary from 2016 to 2018 and analyzed according to US EPA method 5030/8260C to determine the concentrations of BTEX. Risk assessment of BTEX to humans through the dietary route was conducted based on the lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) for benzene and the hazard quotient (HQ) for BTEX. Results and conclusion The following BTEX concentration ranges were observed: benzene:
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