Identifying generalized anxiety disorder using resting state habenular circuitry
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Identifying generalized anxiety disorder using resting state habenular circuitry Zijuan Ma 1,2 & Yuan Zhong 3 & Christina S. Hines 4 & Yun Wu 3 & Yuting Li 3 & Manlong Pang 1,2 & Jian Li 3 & Chiyue Wang 1,2 & Peter T. Fox 1,2,4,5 & Ning Zhang 1,2 & Chun Wang 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Studies identify the habenula as a key subcortical component in anxiety, with a role in predicting error coding within the evaluative system. However, no clinical reports of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) describe resting state functional connectivity of habenular circuits. We hypothesized that resting-state functional connectivities of habenula would show differences in neuroanatomical correlates of the evaluative system (prefrontal cortex, habenula) of patients with GAD. We obtained 22 patients with GAD and 21 HCs, matched for gender, age, and years of education. Resting-state functional connectivity of the habenula was assessed using a seed-based template imposed on whole brain MRI, which provided an objective and semi-automated segmentation algorithm in MNI space. Patients with GAD demonstrated enhanced connectivities in the bilateral premotor cortex, right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, medial frontal cortex, as well as the left orbitofrontal cortex, and reduced connectivities in the left posterior cingulate cortex, and right pulvinar. Moreover, striking differences of abnormal connectivities between groups were observed via analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) of statistically significant. These results including ROC curves suggest the potential importance of the habenula in evaluating and deciding to personally relevant reward-related information. Keywords Generalized anxiety disorder . Habenula . Resting-state functional connectivity . Reward circuit . Evaluation system
Abbreviations GAD generalized anxiety disorder HCs health controls VTA ventral tegmental area Zijuan Ma and Yuan Zhong contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-019-00055-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Chun Wang [email protected] 1
Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
2
Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
3
School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
4
South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
5
Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
DSM-5TM MINI HAMA EPI FOV TR TE FA DICOM MNI FWHM SPSS21 ROC AUC PMC vlPFC MFC OFC PCC
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale echo planar imaging field of view repetition time echo time flip angle Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Montreal N
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