Image Overlay Surgery Based on Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review
Augmented Reality (AR) applied to surgical guidance is gaining relevance in clinical practice. AR-based image overlay surgery (i.e. the accurate overlay of patient-specific virtual images onto the body surface) helps surgeons to transfer image data produc
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Laura Pérez-Pachón, Matthieu Poyade, Terry Lowe, and Flora Gröning
Abstract
Augmented Reality (AR) applied to surgical guidance is gaining relevance in clinical practice. AR-based image overlay surgery (i.e. the accurate overlay of patient-specific virtual images onto the body surface) helps surgeons to transfer image data produced during the planning of the surgery (e.g. the correct resection margins of tissue flaps) to the operating room, thus increasing accuracy and reducing surgery times. We systematically reviewed 76 studies published between 2004 and August 2018 to explore which existing tracking and registration methods and technologies allow Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this chapter (https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-474836_10) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. L. Pérez-Pachón (*) · F. Gröning School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK e-mail: [email protected] M. Poyade School of Simulation and Visualisation, Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, UK T. Lowe School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
healthcare professionals and researchers to develop and implement these systems in- house. Most studies used non-invasive markers to automatically track a patient’s position, as well as customised algorithms, tracking libraries or software development kits (SDKs) to compute the registration between patient- specific 3D models and the patient’s body surface. Few studies combined the use of holographic headsets, SDKs and user-friendly game engines, and described portable and wearable systems that combine tracking, registration, hands-free navigation and direct visibility of the surgical site. Most accuracy tests included a low number of subjects and/or measurements and did not normally explore how these systems affect surgery times and success rates. We highlight the need for more procedure-specific experiments with a sufficient number of subjects and measurements and including data about surgical outcomes and patients’ recovery. Validation of systems combining the use of holographic headsets, SDKs and game engines is especially interesting as this approach facilitates an easy development of mobile AR applications and thus the implementation of AR-based image overlay surgery in clinical practice.
Head and Neck Oncology Unit, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary (NHS Grampian), Aberdeen, UK © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 P. M. Rea (ed.), Biomedical Visualisation, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 1260, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47483-6_10
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L. Pérez-Pachón et al.
discussed AR-based image overlay in open surgery. The authors used a single database for their Augmented reality · Mixed reality · Surgical systematic search (PubMed) and excluded studguidance · Surgical navigation · Holographic ies on neurosurgery, orthopaedics and maxillofaheadsets · H
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