Immunomodulatory effect of different extracts from Angiostrongylus cantonensis on airway inflammation in an allergic ast
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IMMUNOLOGY AND HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS - ORIGINAL PAPER
Immunomodulatory effect of different extracts from Angiostrongylus cantonensis on airway inflammation in an allergic asthma model Vanessa Fey Pascoal 1 & Aline Andrea da Cunha 2 & Alessandra Loureiro Morassutti 1 & Géssica Luana Antunes 2 & Keila Abreu da Silveira 2 & Josiane Silva Silveira 2 & Nailê Karine Nuñez 2 & Rodrigo Godinho de Souza 2 & Carlos Graeff-Teixeira 1 & Paulo Márcio Pitrez 2 Received: 20 August 2019 / Accepted: 13 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of early-life exposure to different extracts of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis) on airway inflammation in an allergic asthma model. The total soluble extract (TE) and the soluble extracts of the digestive (AcD), reproductive (AcR), and cuticle (AcC) systems of A. cantonensis were used for immunisation before ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitisation/challenge in an OVA-induced allergic asthma model. The initial hypothesis of the study was that some soluble extract of the systems (AcD, AcR, or AcC) could be more potent to the modulation of inflammation than the TE. Our data, however, shows that immunisation with the TE is more promising because it decreased the high influx of inflammatory cells on airways and promoted an increase of interferon-γ (IFN-ɣ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels. Besides this, the immunisation with the TE also led to a reduction of goblet cells and mucus overproduction in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. We believe that the extracts have a distinct capacity to modulate the immune system, due to the TE possessing a greater variability of molecules, which together leads to control of airway inflammation. In conclusion, this is the first study to reveal that the TE of A. cantonensis adult worms has a greater potential for developing a novel therapeutic for allergic asthma. Keywords Angiostrongylus cantonensis . Asthma . Immunomodulation . Parasites . Cytokines . Hygiene hypothesis
Introduction Epidemiological studies have shown an increase in allergic diseases in parallel to a decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases (Cooper et al. 2003; Pereira et al. 2007; van der Werff et al. 2012). This increase has arisen along with improved living conditions, represented by improved basic sanitation and economic conditions occurring in countries such as Section Editor: Sabine Specht * Alessandra Loureiro Morassutti [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, School of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 6690 Ipiranga Ave., Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology, Infant Center, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Sweden, Finland, and Germany where there is a high incidence of allergic diseases (Seiskari et al. 2007). According to the hygiene hypothesis, exposure to pathogens, such as helminths, may be beneficial for the development of the immu
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