Implication of Endophytic Metabolite and Their Derivatives in Cancer Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study
Incidence of cancer keep increasing worldwide may be due to genetic aberration, environmental effect, diet, socioeconomic factors, and various types of infections. Our previous studies revealed an association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and their s
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Pragya Mishra, Raghvendra Raman Mishra, Mallika Tiwari, Parjanya Shukla, Archana Singh, and Hari S. Shukla Abstract
Incidence of cancer keep increasing worldwide may be due to genetic aberration, environmental effect, diet, socioeconomic factors, and various types of infections. Our previous studies revealed an association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and their species, Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), and Mycobacterium with various gastrointestinal tract (GI) cancers including oral, oropharyngeal, esophageal, gastric, gallbladder, pancreatic, and anal-canal cancers. We experience that poor cure rate is reported due to failure of conventional medicine, drug resistance, and failure to know the exact cause. As we are a group of oncologist and basic researcher, it is our experience that surgical procedures and chemotherapy are better adjuvant therapeutic option for cancer treatment. The area of chemotherapy is enhanced, but basic foundation is devised from natural products, which are used directly or as synthetic derivatives as stand-alone or in different combinations. Microorganisms, either bacteria or fungi that live inside plant tissue (endophytes) system, are big source of natural antimicrobial compound. It is known that endophytic alkaloids, taxoids, podophyllotoxins, etc., have an antineoplastic activity. Keeping these facts in mind, this chapter
P. Mishra Ranjan Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Food Technology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India R.R. Mishra Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India M. Tiwari • H.S. Shukla (*) Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India e-mail: [email protected]
P. Shukla Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology and Sciences – Deemed University, Allahabad, India A. Singh Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
V.C. Verma and A.C. Gange (eds.), Advances in Endophytic Research, DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-1575-2_19, © Springer India 2014
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points out the active exploration and implication of endophytic metabolite and their derivatives in cancer chemotherapy in near future. Obtained data were analyzed and result showed that the endophytic metabolites may be potential source of newer cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. It concluded that in the field of cancer chemotherapy, search for novel drugs from endophytic origin is still a priority.
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Introduction
More than hundred types of cancers exist and they can affect any part of the body. In the present scenario approximately 70 % of all cancer deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Worldwide, the five most common types of cancers associated with lung, stomach, liver, colorectal, and esophagus are responsible for major death cases. The curative p
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