Improvement of Electrical Properties of Tin Oxide Nanoparticle by Controlling Its Surface Structure
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IMPROVEMENT OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF TIN OXIDE NANOPARTICLE BY CONTROLLING ITS SURFACE STRUCTURE Sung-Jei Hong, Jeong-In Han Information Display Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 455-6, PyungTaek, KyungGi, Korea; ABSTRACT In this study, a novel SnO2 nanoparticle was successfully synthesized by controlling its surface structure. The surface structure on the nanoparticle is consistent of Pd and PdO clusters of which size is smaller than 1nm. For uniform dispersion of the clusters, in-situ synthetic method was applied using Sn acetate and Pd acetate. The method enhances uniformity by mixing two elements as an aqueous solution. Also, those materials lower the processing temperature since the removal of organic components is possible below 300oC. HRTEM observation reveals that the size of the synthesized particle is ranged from 2 to 7 nm and the Pd cluster is uniformly distributed in the lattice of SnO2 particle. In fact, XRD analysis certifies the uniform solid solution of the Pd cluster in SnO2 since the localized Pd peak was not found. Specific surface area of the synthesized particle measured with BET surface analyzer exceeded 100 m2/g. Also, the SnO2-5wt%Pd nanoparticle exhibits the excellent change in resistance of 0.62 after aging at 400oC for 5 hours. Also, the electrical properties show very stable phenomena in spite of longterm aging for 400 hours at 400oC. So, the ultrafine SnO2-Pd nanoparticle could be synthesized by using the in-situ synthetic method. INTRODUCTION In recent, tin oxide nanoparticle is widely applied to a lot of industrial fields, for example, phosphor for information display, and sensing material for gaseous hydrocarbon molecule [1, 2]. Especially, there has been a remarkable progress in the sensors applying the tin oxide nanoparticle [3]. That is, a smaller size of the particles of the sensitive material gives rise to a better change in resistance based on the change in the electrical resistance of a sensitive layer due to adsorption reactions of reacting gaseous species. In order to cause a reaction of the ultrafine particles with the molecule under lower temperature, a noble metal such as Pd is applied as a catalytic cluster [4, 5]. The Pd cluster plays a key role to suppress grain growth during the synthesis of the nanoparticle. Accordingly, uniform doping of the Pd cluster is crucial since the segregated clustering gives rise to grain growth of the nanoparticle and, in result, degradation of
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the electrical properties. However, the current method does not guarantee the uniform clustering since SnO2 synthesis and Pd clustering process is separated [6, 7]. When the grain growth owing to the localized dispersion occurs, physical control of the nanoparticle is very difficult. So, in this study, we propose a new method of simultaneous synthesis and clustering. The new method enables to synthesize SnO2 nanoparticle under the lower temperature. Also, since the cluster can be simultaneously doped during the synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticle, the new me
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