In vitro antibacterial activity of Acorus calamus extract on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound isolates
- PDF / 879,371 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 75 Downloads / 239 Views
RESEARCH ARTICLES
In vitro antibacterial activity of Acorus calamus extract on methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound isolates and reduced invasion into mucosal fibroblasts Rasika Pawar1 · Siddhivinayak Barve2 · Vasudeo Zambare3 Received: 21 April 2020 / Revised: 31 August 2020 / Accepted: 11 September 2020 © Society for Plant Research 2020
Abstract Acorus calamus is widely used as an Indian medicinal plant and extensively reported for treatments of skin, digestive and nervous disorders. A methanol extract of A. calamus (rhizome) showed maximum extraction yield of 4% (w/w) followed by 3% (w/w) in water. Total 8 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from nose, groin, wounds, axilla, throat of various patients exhibited strong β-lactamase activity and antibiotic resistance for ampicillin, oxacillin, and methicillin coded for mec A gene. Thus, all isolates belong to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) class. Methanol extract is the most potent MRSA antibacterial extract followed by water, n-butanol and chloroform. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanol extract varied from 1.25 to 2.50 mg/ml for all MRSA isolates which also exhibited highest MIC values of 512 µg/ml and 128 µg/ml for ampicillin and oxacillin antibiotics, respectively. Interestingly, the synergistic interaction of 128 µg/ml of A. calamus methanol extract with antibiotics (ampicillin, 64 µg/ml and oxacillin, 32 µg/ml) showed lowered MICs. All extracts of A. calamus and β-asarone showed no significant cytotoxic activity against non-cancerous 3T3 fibroblasts cells which was confirmed by MTT assay on MRSA-08 isolate. Antibacterial effect and preventive invasion properties of MRSA of methanol extract of A. calamus were found to be potent when compared with β-asarone, an active component of A. calamus. The present investigation showed a correlation of polyphenolics and flavonoid based major phytochemical constituents with bioactivities on MRSA revealed A. calamus as a potential non-toxic drug candidate for various skin diseases. Keywords Acorus calamus · Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) · Antibacterial activity · Bacterial invasion · Phytochemical analysis · Mucosal fibroblasts
Introduction Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health, development, and food security today. Antibiotic resistance can affect anyone, of any age, in any country (Davies and Davies 2010). Recently, worldwide methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains became a serious issue because of their broad distribution and * Vasudeo Zambare [email protected] 1
Smt. Chandibai Himathmal Mansukhani College, Ulhasnagar, MS 421 003, India
2
Scientific Research Centre, Vinayak Ganesh Vaze College, Mulund (E), Mumbai 400 081, India
3
Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Sandip University, Nashik, Maharashtra 422 213, India
proliferation in the clinical environments and community life. MRSA strains are resistant to all kinds of β-lactam and othe
Data Loading...
